Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-wq484 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T02:24:28.964Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

2,4-D Rate Response, Absorption, and Translocation of Two Ground Ivy (Glechoma hederacea) Populations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Eric A. Kohler ,
Clark S. Throssell  and
Zachary J. Reicher
Eric A. Kohler
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054
Clark S. Throssell
Affiliation:
Golf Course Superintendents Association of America, 1421 Research Park Drive, Lawrence, KS 66049-3859
Zachary J. Reicher*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: zreicher@purdue.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Ground ivy is a stoloniferous, perennial weed that persists in lawn turf. With the widespread use of 2,4-D on turf sites, the development of 2,4-D–tolerant ground ivy is a possibility. Ground ivy populations showed a highly variable response to foliar 2,4-D application. Ground ivy from Nebraska (NE) was tolerant to 2,4-D, whereas Ohio (OH) ground ivy was susceptible. The 2,4-D–susceptible OH population absorbed 37% more foliar-applied 14C–2,4-D than the 2,4-D–tolerant NE population. Although OH and NE populations total translocation of applied 14C was similar and averaged 5%, the OH population translocated 42% more toward the apical meristem of the primary stolon than the NE population, primarily because of the OH population's higher 14C–2,4-D absorption. The variation in response to 2,4-D found between these two populations occurred after exposure of roots to 2,4-D, but the effect was less pronounced. These results suggest that the difference in foliar uptake may partially contribute to differences in response to 2,4-D between these two populations. Likewise, differences in acropetal translocation may contribute to the differential sensitivity of 2,4-D–tolerant and –susceptible ground ivy populations.

Keywords

2,4-Dground ivy, Glechoma hederacea L. #3 GLEHEDose responseecotypeherbicideresistanceroot uptaketoleranceDAT, days after treatmentHAT, hours after treatmentLCO, lawn care operatorsNE, NebraskaOH, Ohio.
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 4 , December 2004 , pp. 917 - 923
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Bandeen, J. D., Stephenson, G. R., and Cowett, E. R. 1982. Discovery and distribution of herbicide-resistant weeds in North America. in LeBaron, H. M. and Gressel, J., eds. Herbicide Resistance in Plants. New York: J. Wiley. Pp. 9–55.Google Scholar
Beckie, H. J., Heap, I. M., Smeda, R. J., and Hall, L. M. 2000. Screening for herbicide resistance in weeds. Weed Technol. 14:428–445.Google Scholar
Bell, A. R., Nalewaja, J. D., and Schooler, A. B. 1972. Response of Kochia selections to 2,4-D, dicamba, and picloram. Weed Sci. 20:458–462.Google Scholar
Birch, C. P. D. and Hutchings, M. J. 1994. Exploitation of patchily distributed soil resources by the clonal herb Glechoma hederacea . J. Ecol 82:653–664.Google Scholar
Bourdot, G. W., Harrington, K. C., and Popay, A. I. 1989. The appearance of phenoxy-herbicide resistance in New Zealand pasture weeds. Proc. Brighton Crop Prot. Conf. Weeds 1:309–316.Google Scholar
Box, G. E. P. and Cox, D. R. 1964. An analysis of transformations. J. R. Stat. Soc B26:211–252.Google Scholar
Coetzer, E., Al-Khatib, K., and Loughin, T. M. 2001. Glufosinate efficacy, absorption, and translocation in amaranth as affected by relative humidity and temperature. Weed Sci. 49:8–13.Google Scholar
Coupland, D. 1994. Resistance to the auxin analog herbicides. in Powles, S. and Holtum, J., eds. Herbicide Resistance in Plants. Boca Raton, FL: CRC. Pp. 171–214.Google Scholar
D'Anieri, P., Zadaker, S. M., Seiler, J. R., and Kreh, R. E. 1990. Glyphosate translocation and efficacy relationships in red maple, sweetgum, and loblolly pine seedlings. For. Sci 36:438–447.Google Scholar
de Ruiter, H., Straatman, K., and Meinen, E. 1993. The influence of a fatty amine surfactant on foliar absorption and translocation of the trolamine salt and iso-octyl ester of 2,4-D. Pestic. Sci 38:145–154.Google Scholar
Devine, M. D., Duke, S. O., and Fedtke, C. 1993. Physiology of Herbicide Action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 441 p.Google Scholar
Dexter, A. G., Slife, F. W., and Butler, H. S. 1971. Detoxification of 2,4-D by several plant species. Weed Sci. 19:721–726.Google Scholar
Ellis, M. and Kay, Q. O. N. 1975. Genetic variation in herbicide resistance in scentless mayweed (Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Schultz Bip.) I. Differences between populations in response to MCPA. Weed Res 15:307–315.Google Scholar
Feung, C., Hamilton, R. H., and Mumma, R. O. 1975. Metabolism of 2,4-dichorophenoxyacetic acid. VII. Comparison of metabolites from five species of plant callus tissue cultures. J. Agric. Food Chem. 23:373–376.Google Scholar
Fuerst, E. P., Sterling, T. M., Norman, M. A., Prather, T. S., Irzyk, G. P., Wu, Y., Lownds, N. K., and Callihan, R. H. 1996. Physiological characterization of picloram resistance in yellow starthistle. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 56:149–161.Google Scholar
Goatley, J. M. Jr., Powell, A. J. Jr., Barrett, M., and Witt, W. W. 1990. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of chlorsulfuron in Kentucky bluegrass and tall fescue. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci 115:771–774.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, J. C. and Swanton, C. J. 1988. Selectivity of 2,4-D in Solanum ptycanthum Dun. and Lycopersiocon esculentum Mill. Weed Res 28:117–126.Google Scholar
Hammerton, J. L. 1966. Studies on weed species of the genus Polygonum L. III. Variation in susceptibility to 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid within P. lapathifolium . Weed Res 6:132–141.Google Scholar
Heap, I. M. 1997. The occurrence of herbicide-resistant weeds worldwide. Pestic. Sci 51:235–243.Google Scholar
Heap, I. M. and Morrison, I. N. 1992. Resistance to auxin-type herbicides in wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) populations in western Canada. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr 32:164.Google Scholar
Hodgson, J. M. 1970. The response of Canada thistle ecotypes to 2,4-D, amitrole, and intensive cultivation. Weeds 18:253–255.Google Scholar
Hutchings, M. J. and Price, E. A. C. 1999. Glechoma hederacea L. (Nepeta glechoma Benth., N. hederacea (L.) Trev). J. Ecol 87:347–364.Google Scholar
Jackson, J. B. C., Buss, L. W., and Cook, R. E. 1985. Population Biology and Evolution of Clonal Organisms. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 530 p.Google Scholar
Knoche, M. and Bukovac, M. J. 1999. Spray application factors and plant growth regulator performance: II. Foliar uptake of gibberellic acid and 2,4-D. Pestic. Sci 55:166–174.Google Scholar
Kohler, E. A. 2002. Chemical and Cultural Control of Ground Ivy Populations: Evidence of a 2,4-D-tolerant Biotype and its Mechanism of Tolerance. Ph.D. dissertation. Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. 172 p.Google Scholar
Lutman, P. J. W. and Snow, H. S. 1987. Further investigations into the resistance of chickweed (Stellaria media L.) to mecoprop. Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. Weeds 3:901–908.Google Scholar
Mercado, B. L., De Datta, S. K., Migo, T. R., and Baltazar, A. M. 1990. Growth behaviour and leaf morphology of Philippine strains of Sphenoclea zeylandica showing differential response to 2,4-D. Weed Res 30:245–250.Google Scholar
Peniuk, M. G., Romano, M. L., and Hall, J. C. 1993. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism are not the basis for differential selectivity of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) to auxinic herbicides. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr 32:55.Google Scholar
Pester, T. A., Nissen, S. J., and Westra, P. 2001. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of imazamox in jointed goatgrass and feral rye. Weed Sci. 49:607–612.Google Scholar
Price, E. A. C. and Hutchings, M. J. 1992. The causes and developmental effects of integration and independence between different parts of Glechoma hederacea clones. Oikos 63:376–386.Google Scholar
Price, E. A. C., Marshall, C., and Hutchings, M. J. 1992. Studies of growth in the clonal herb Glechoma hederacea. I. Patterns of physiological integration. J. Ecol 80:25–38.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 1999–2001. Software Release 8.02. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. Pp. 337–392.Google Scholar
Sexsmith, J. J. 1964. Morphological and herbicide susceptibility differences among strains of hoary cress. Weeds 12:19–22.Google Scholar
Shultz, M. E. and Burnside, O. C. 1980. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of 2,4-D and glyphosate in hemp dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum L). Weed Sci. 28:13–20.Google Scholar
Slade, A. J. and Hutchings, M. J. 1987a. Clonal integration and plasticity in foraging behaviour in Glechoma hederacea . J. Ecol 75:1023–1036.Google Scholar
Slade, A. J. and Hutchings, M. J. 1987b. The effects of nutrient availability on foraging in the clonal herb Glechoma hederacea . J. Ecol 75:95–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, A. M. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1992. Ammonium sulfate increases efficacy of sethoxydim through increased absorption and translocation. Weed Sci. 40:351–358.Google Scholar
Soteres, J. K., Murray, D. S., and Basler, E. 1983. Absorption of 2,4-D, dicamba, and glyphosate by excised honeyvine milkweed (Cynanchum laeve) leaves. Weed Sci. 31:271–274.Google Scholar
Stachler, J. M., Kells, J. J., and Penner, D. 2000. Resistance of wild carrot (Daucus carota) to 2,4-D in Michigan. Weed Technol. 14:734–739.Google Scholar
Steckel, G. J., Hart, S. E., and Wax, L. M. 1997. Absorption and translocation of glufosinate on four weed species. Weed Sci. 45:378–381.Google Scholar
Steel, R. G. D. and Torrie, J. H. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. 633 p.Google Scholar
Sterling, T. M. and Hall, J. C. 1997. Mechanism of action of natural auxins and the auxinic herbicides. in Roe, R. M., Burton, J. D., and Kuhr, R. J., eds. Herbicide Activity: Toxicology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Amsterdam, Netherlands: IOS. Pp. 111–142.Google Scholar
Stevens, P. J. G. and Baker, E. A. 1987. Factors affecting the foliar absorption and redistribution of pesticides. 1. Properties of leaf surfaces and their interactions with spray droplets. Pestic. Sci 19:265–281.Google Scholar
Throssell, C. S., Gibb, T. J., Whitford, F., Kellam, D., Sadof, C., and Johnson, J. 1995. Pesticide use and pest management practices by the Indiana lawncare industry 1992. Purdue University Experimental Station Bull. 714. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University.Google Scholar
Turnbull, G. C. and Stephenson, G. R. 1985. Translocation of clopyralid and 2,4-D in Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense L). Weed Sci. 33:143–147.Google Scholar
Vencill, W. K. ed. 2002. Herbicide Handbook. 8th ed. Lawrence, KS: Weed Science Society of America. Pp. 111–115.Google Scholar
Wall, D. A., Hall, J. C., and Morrison, I. N. 1991. Uptake, translocation, and fate of 2,4-D and chlorsulfuron in Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke. Weed Res 31:81–88.Google Scholar
Whitehead, C. W. and Switzer, C. M. 1963. The differential response of strains of wild carrot to 2,4-D and related herbicides. Can. J. Plant Sci 43:255–262.Google Scholar
Whitworth, J. W. 1964. The reaction of strains of field bindweed to 2,4-D. Weed Sci. 12:57–58.Google Scholar
Whitworth, J. W. and Muzik, T. J. 1966. Differential response of selected clones of bindweed to 2,4-D. Weeds 15:275–280.Google Scholar
Widen, B., Cronberg, N., and Widen, M. 1994. Genotypic diversity, molecular markers, and spatial distribution of genets in clonal plants, a literature survey. Folia Geobot 29:245–263.Google Scholar