^{page 166 note 1} The Times, 10 27, 1916.Google Scholar It is significant that the first instance of the use of the word in the ‘New English Dictionary’ from the Daily Telegraph of 04 28, 1864Google Scholar (in connection with Garibaldi) speaks of ‘an army yet untainted with that disease of modern times known under the sinister name of Militarism,’ and the second instance, in 1868, speaks of ‘Prussian militarism,’ but Millingen in his History of Duels (1841)Google Scholar, has: ‘Militarism is the child of Feudalism.’

^{page 167 note 1} Cf. Corpus Juris Canonici (1747), i. 389.Google Scholar

^{page 168 note 1} Plutarch's Lives, ‘Marcellus’ (Clough, 's ed. Appendix ii. 239 and 244).Google Scholar

^{page 168 note 2} Selden, , Table-Talk, p. 147.Google ScholarCf. Paletta, F., Le Ordalie (1890), passim.Google Scholar

^{page 170 note 1} Gibbon, , Decline and Fall (ed. Bury), iv. 127 and 128.Google Scholar

^{page 170 note 2} Church, F. J.'s translation (1879), p. 63.Google Scholar

^{page 171 note 1} Several eminent scholars whom the author has consulted on the subject are unable to throw any light on the devolution of the custom described by Jordanes. Cf. Hodgkin, , Italy, i. 96.Google Scholar

^{page 172 note 1} Superstition and Force (1892), Chap. ii. p. 114Google Scholar, ‘Origin of the Judicial Duel.’

^{page 172 note 2} Turner, Sharon, Hist, of Anglo-Saxons, ii. 269.Google Scholar

^{page 172 note 3} Phillpotts, B., Kindred and Clan, p. 6.Google Scholar

^{page 173 note 1} The intervention of the Crown in the duel of the Dukes of Hereford and Norfolk (1398) is well known.

^{page 175 note 1} See Worke for Cutlers (Camb. Univ. Press, 1904) for facsimile of proclamation (Soc. of Antiq.), and pp. 30 and 83–85.Google Scholar

^{page 175 note 2} ProfFirth, C. H.'s Oliver Cromwell (Putnam Sons, 1900), p. 350.Google Scholar See also his ‘A Restoration Duel,’ Scottish Hist. Review, 10 1905.Google Scholar

^{page 176 note 1} Lavisse, , Hist., V. iv. 357.Google Scholar

^{page 177 note 1} Essays upon Several Moral Subjects, 7th ed., 1732.Google Scholar

^{page 177 note 2} Basnage, , De Singulari Certamine, ch. xxvii.Google Scholar; Alciatus, A., De Singulari Certamine… in materia Duelli (1543, Lugd. Giunta)Google Scholar; Béraudière, La, Du Combat de Seul à Seul (pt. ii. eh. vii. p. 16)Google Scholar is of Brantôme's opinion.

^{page 178 note 1} Essai sur le Duel, Paris, 8vo, 1836Google Scholar (full translation into German by C. von L. Karlsruhe, 1888, fifty yeais after its promulgation).

^{page 178 note 2} Histoire de la Civilisation Contemporaine de France.

^{page 178 note 3} Recollections and Anecdotes, 1728–1773.Google Scholar

^{page 180 note 1} Vide ProfessorSharpe, , ‘The Making of a Gentleman in Germany,’ Contemp. Review, 10 1916.Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 1} Letter to A. F. S., 12 10, 1916.Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 2} So called from the ‘Measurement’ of the distance between the combatants.

^{page 181 note 3} Paulsen, Fr., The German Universities, trans. Perry, E. D., 1895, p. 377Google Scholar; and SirKnowles, Lees, A Day with Corps-Students in Germany.Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 4} ‘Life of Lord Brougham,’ in Lives of the Chancellors, iv. 343.Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 5} See De Quincey's article on ‘Casuistry.’

^{page 182 note 1} 1 & 2 Vict., c. 85.

^{page 182 note 2} 9 Geo. I, c. 2.

^{page 182 note 3} 9 Geo. IV, c. 21.

^{page 182 note 4} 43 Geo. III, c. 58.

^{page 183 note 1} Bentham's influence can be perhaps even better measured from his private correspondence (e.g. with the Duke of Wellington) than from his public utterances (see Index to Bowring's edition of his works).

^{page 183 note 2} For this subject see especially Capt. H. James's Regimental Companion and Collection of Charges, &c., extracted from the records of the Judge Advocate-General's Office (1820), and The Letters of Queen Victoria, edited by Benson, A. C. and Esher, Lord, i. 450 and 485.Google Scholar