Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pjpqr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-20T20:12:44.246Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Legislative regulation of global value chains to protect workers: A preliminary assessment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2023

Michael Rawling*
Affiliation:
University of Technology Sydney, Australia
*
Michael Rawling, Faculty of Law, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. Email: michael.rawling@uts.edu.au

Abstract

This article argues for domestic legislative regulation of global value chains to protect offshore workers. First, it outlines the policy reasons necessitating such legislation. Empirical evidence confirms that global value chains are a dominant feature of the global economy. It is contended that lead firms wield influence in global value chains in a manner which leads to poor outcomes for offshore workers. Second, the article sets out the minimum steps necessary for a domestic state to attribute the responsibility for transparency of global value chains to lead firms. Then, it proceeds to explore the possibilities and limits of the proposed scheme of regulation. Despite some complexities with implementing the scheme, it is argued that if domestic legislative regulation of global value chains strengthens even to a small extent the monitoring of global labour issues, it is worth pursuing.

Type
Non-Special Collection Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2015

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anner, M (2015) Social downgrading and worker resistance in apparel global value chains. In: Newsome, K, Taylor, P, Bair, J, et al . (eds) Putting Labour in its Place: Labour Process Analysis and Global Value Chains. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 152170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anner, M, Bair, J, Blasi, J (2013) Toward joint liability in global value chains: addressing the root causes of labor violations in international subcontracting networks. Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal 35(1): 144.Google Scholar
Australian Broadcasting Corporation News Online (2013) Report calls for more transparency on rights of offshore workers, 24 June. Available at: http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013–0624/report-questions-offshore-supply-chains/4774318 (accessed 13 February 2015).Google Scholar
Backer, KD, Miroudot, S (2013) Mapping global value chains. OECD Trade policy papers no. 159, 19 December. Paris: OECD Publishing.Google Scholar
Bair, J (2005) Global capitalism and commodity chains: looking back, going forward. Competition and Change 9(2): 153180.Google Scholar
Bair, J, Werner, M (2015) Global production and uneven development: when bringing labour in isn’t enough. In: Newsome, K, Taylor, P, Bair, J, et al . (eds) Putting Labour in Its Place: Labour Process Analysis and Global Value Chains. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 119134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baptist World Australia (2015) The truth behind the barcode. Australian fashion report 2015z, Baptist World Australia, North Ryde, NSW, Australia, 16 April.Google Scholar
Barrientos, S, Mayer, F, Pickles, J, et al . (2011) Decent work in global production networks. International Labour Review 150(3–4): 297317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coe, N (2015) Labour and global production networks: mapping variegated landscapes of agency. In: Newsome, K, Taylor, P, Bair, J, et al . (eds) Putting Labour in its Place: Labour Process Analysis and Global Value Chains. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 171192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coe, N, Hess, M (2013) Global production networks, labour and development. Geoforum 44: 49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooney, S (2004) A broader role for the commonwealth in eradicating foreign sweatshops? Melbourne University Law Review 28(2): 290342.Google Scholar
De Backer, K, Yamano, N (2012) International comparative evidence on global value chains. OECD science, technology and industry working papers no. 2012/03, 23 April. Paris: OECD Publishing.Google Scholar
Doorey, D (2005a) Codes of conduct and disclosure. International Union Rights Journal 12(1): 78.Google Scholar
Doorey, D (2005b) Who made that? Influencing foreign labour practices through reflexive domestic disclosure regulation. Osgoode Hall Law Journal 43(4): 353405.Google Scholar
Estlund, C (2005) Rebuilding the law of the workplace in an era of self-regulation. Columbia Law Review 105(2): 319404.Google Scholar
García-Muñoz Alhambra, M, Ter Haar, B, Kun, A (2014) Independent monitoring of private transnational regulation of labour standards: a proposal for a ‘transnational labour inspectorate’ system. Labour Law Research Network Working Paper, August. Available at: http://www.labourlawresearch.net/sites/default/files/papers/TLI-final.pdf (accessed 9 November 2015).Google Scholar
Gereffi, G (1994) The organisation of buyer-driven global commodity chains: how US retailers shape overseas production networks. In: Gereffi, G, Korzeniewicz, M (eds) Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism. Westport, CT: Praeger, pp. 95122.Google Scholar
Gereffi, G (2014) Global value chains in a post-Washington consensus world. Review of International Political Economy 21(1): 937.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gereffi, G, Luo, X (2014) Risks and opportunities of participation in global value chains – background paper to the 2014 world development report. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper no. 6847, April. World Bank.Google Scholar
Jenkins, R (2002) The political economy of codes of conduct. In: Jenkins, R, Pearson, R, Seyfang, G (eds) Corporate Responsibility and Labour Rights. London: Earthscan, pp. 1330.Google Scholar
Johnstone, R (2012) Informal sectors and new industries: the complexities of regulating occupational health and safety in developing countries. In: Fudge, J, McCrystal, S, Sankaran, K (eds) Challenging the Legal Boundaries of Work Regulation. Oxford: Hart Publishing, pp. 6780.Google Scholar
Johnstone, R, McCrystal, S, Nossar, I, et al . (2012) Beyond Employment: The Legal Regulation of Work Relationships. Sydney, NSW: Federation Press.Google Scholar
Justice, D (2002) The international trade union movement and the new codes of conduct. In: Jenkins, R, Pearson, R, Seyfang, G (eds) Corporate Responsibility and Labour Rights: Codes of Conduct in the Global Economy. London: Earthscan, pp. 90100.Google Scholar
Klein, N (2000) No Logo. London: Harper Collins.Google Scholar
Lund-Thomsen, P, Wad, P (2014) Global value chains, local economic organization and corporate social responsibility in the BRICS countries. Competition and Change 18(4): 281290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayer, F, Milberg, W (2013) Aid for trade in a world of global value chains. Capturing the Gains Working Paper no. 34, June. Available at: http://www.capturingthegains.org/pdf/ctg-wp-2013-34.pdf (accessed 9 November 2015).Google Scholar
Miller, D (2008) The ITGLWF’s policy on cross-border dialogue in the textiles, clothing and footwear sector. In: Papadakis, K (ed.) Cross-Border Social Dialogue and Agreements. Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies, pp. 161189.Google Scholar
Miller, D, Williams, P (2009) What price a living wage? Global Social Policy 9(1): 99125.Google Scholar
Miller, D, Turner, S, Grinter, T (2011) Back to the future? A critical reflection on Neil Kearney’s mature systems of industrial relations perspective on the governance of outsourced apparel supply chains. Capturing the Gains Working Paper no. 2011/08, November. Available at: http://www.capturingthegains.org/pdf/ctg-wp-2011-08.pdf (accessed 9 November 2015).Google Scholar
Nathan, D (2013) Industrial relations in a global production network: what can be done. Economic and Political Weekly, 27 July, pp. 2933.Google Scholar
Neilson, J, Pritchard, B, Wai-Chung Yeung, H (2014) Global value chains and global production networks in the changing international political economy: an introduction. Review of International Political Economy 21(1): 18.Google Scholar
Nossar, I (2007) The scope for appropriate cross-jurisdictional regulation of international contract networks (such as value chains): recent developments in Australia and their supra-national implications. Business outsourcing and restructuring regulatory research network working paper no. 1. Available at: http://www.borrrn.org/index.php?option=com_content&;view=article&id=3:first-working-paper&catid=1:working-paper-series&Itemid=8 (accessed 13 February 2015).Google Scholar
Pickles, J, Zhu, S (2013) The California Transparency in Supply Chains Act. Capturing the Gains Working Paper no. 15, February. Available at: http://www.capturingthegains.org/pdf/ctg-wp-2013-15.pdf (accessed 9 November 2015).Google Scholar
Quinlan, M (2011) Supply chains and networks. Report, Safe Work Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia, July.Google Scholar
Rainnie, A, Herod, A, McGrath-Champ, S (2011) Review and positions: global production networks and labour. Competition and Change 15(2): 155169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rawling, M (2014) Cross-jurisdictional and other implications of mandatory clothing retailer obligations. Australian Journal of Labour Law 27(3): 191215.Google Scholar
Robinson, P, Rainbird, H (2013) International value chains and the labour process. Competition and Change 17(1): 91107.Google Scholar
Rodriguez-Garavito, C (2005) Nike’s law: the anti-sweatshop movement, transnational corporations, and the struggle over international labor rights in the Americas. In: De Sousa Santos, B, Cesar Rodriguez-Garavito, C (eds) Law and Globalization from Below: Towards a Cosmopolitan Legality. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 6491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubery, J, Earnshaw, J, Marchington, M (2005) Blurring the boundaries to the employment relationship: from single to multi-employer relationships. In: Marchington, M, Grimshaw, D, Rubery, J, et al . (eds) Fragmenting Work: Blurring Organizational Boundaries and Disordering Hierarchies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 6387.Google Scholar
Selwyn, B (2013) Social upgrading and labour in global production networks: a critique and an alternative conception. Competition and Change 17(1): 7590.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, P, Newsome, K, Rannie, A (2013) ‘Putting labour in its place’: global value chains and labour process analysis. Competition and Change 17(1): 15.Google Scholar
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2007) Staying Competitive in the Global Economy: Moving up the Value Chain. Paris: OECD.Google Scholar
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2010) OECD Economic Globalisation Indicators 2010. Paris: OECD.Google Scholar
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2013) Implications of Global Value Chains for Trade, Investment, Development and Jobs 6 August 2013. Prepared for the G-20 Leaders Summit, Saint Petersburg, September.Google Scholar
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2014) Trade and Development Report 2014. Geneva: United Nations.Google Scholar
Wise, A (2013) Pyramid subcontracting and moral detachment: downsourcing risk and responsibility in the management of transnational labour in Asia. Economic and Labour Relations Review 24(3): 433455.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Trade Organization (WTO) (2008) World Trade Report 2008: Trade in a Globalizing World. Geneva: WTO.Google Scholar