The ordinary process of specialist examination of individuals on remand involves among other things the making of judgments of several kinds. Among these judgments are those as to normality, subnormality, abnormality, and types of abnormality. For some, such as the establishment of subnormality, there are technical aids, e.g. standard tests of IQ. For others, available aids are often inadequately standardized, inordinately time-consuming, or subject to other critical objections, e.g. as to their appropriateness. This may leave the specialist clinical observer dependent solely on his clinical acumen over a considerable area. This may not matter as regards the outcome in final judgments made, but may make the process unduly burdensome and lengthy.