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Preliminary Validation in Spanish of a Scale Designed to Measure Motivation in Physical Education Classes: The Perceived Locus of Causality (PLOC) Scale

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2013

Juan Antonio Moreno Murcia ,
David González-Cutre Coll  and
Mariana Chillón Garzón
Juan Antonio Moreno Murcia*
Affiliation:
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche(Spain)
David González-Cutre Coll
Affiliation:
Universidad de Almería (Spain)
Mariana Chillón Garzón
Affiliation:
Unidad de Investigación en Educación Física y Deportes (Spain)
*
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Juan Antonio Moreno Murcia, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Edificio Torrevaillo, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, ALICANTE (Spain). Phone: +34-965-222046. E-mail: j.moreno@umh.es
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Abstract

The purpose of this paper was to validate the Spanish version of the Perceived Locus of Causality Scale (PLOC; Goudas, Biddle, & Fox, 1994). To achieve this, two studies with samples of 1535 and 400 physical education students, of ages 12 to 17 years, were carried out. The psychometric properties of the PLOC were examined through the following analyses: confirmatory factor analysis, factor invariance, correlation among factors, reliability (Cronbach's alpha), temporal stability (test-retest), and criterion validity. The results partially supported the five-factor structure. This structure was invariant across the two study samples. Correlations among the subscales indicated a simplex pattern, supporting construct validity of the scale. Alpha values over .70 (except for introjected regulation) and high temporal stability (intra-class correlation coefficient = .83 to .90) over a four-week period were obtained. The mastery-approach goal positively predicted self-determined motivation, whereas the performance-avoidance goal predicted it negatively. Future studies should continue to analyze the psychometric properties of the PLOC, as the validation of an instrument should be an ongoing process.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue validar la versión española de la Escala del Locus Percibido de Causalidad (PLOC) de Goudas, Biddle y Fox (1994). Para ello, se llevaron a cabo dos estudios con muestras de 1535 y 400 alumnos en clases de educación física, edades entre 12 y 17 años. Se analizaron las propiedades psicométricas de la PLOC por medio de análisis factoriales confirmatorios, análisis de la invarianza factorial, análisis de correlaciones entre factores, fiabilidad a través del alfa de Cronbach, estabilidad temporal test-retest y validez de criterio. Los resultados ofrecieron un apoyo parcial a la estructura de cinco factores. Esta estructura se mostró invariante entre las dos muestras de estudio. Las correlaciones entre las subescalas indicaron un modelo simplex que apoya la validez de constructo de la escala. Se obtuvieron valores alfa de Cronbach superiores a .70, salvo para la regulación introyectada, y altos niveles de estabilidad temporal (coeficiente de correlación intra-clase = .83 a .90) en un periodo de cuatros semanas. La meta de aproximación-maestría predijo positivamente la motivación autodeterminada, mientras que la meta de evitación-rendimiento lo hizo de forma negativa. Futuros trabajos deberán continuar analizando las propiedades psicométricas de la PLOC, puesto que la validación de un instrumento debe ser un proceso continuado.

Keywords

motivationself-determinationphysical educationvalidationachievement goalsmotivaciónautodeterminacióneducación físicavalidaciónmetas de logro
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 12 , Issue 1 , May 2009 , pp. 327 - 337
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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