Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T16:24:47.265Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Anger Rumination Scale: Validation in Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 January 2017

Norma Ortega Andrade ,
Raúl Alcázar-Olán ,
Oscar Mariano Matías ,
Ana Rivera Guerrero  and
Alejandra Domínguez Espinosa
Norma Ortega Andrade*
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (México)
Raúl Alcázar-Olán
Affiliation:
Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla (México)
Oscar Mariano Matías
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (México)
Ana Rivera Guerrero
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (México)
Alejandra Domínguez Espinosa
Affiliation:
Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México (México)
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Norma Ortega Andrade. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Área Académica de Psicología. Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Tilcuautla. Hidalgo México Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo. 42186. Hidalgo (México). E-mail: uni_normao@hotmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The aim of the study was to assess the validity of the Anger Rumination Scale (ARS; Sukhodolsky, Golub, & Cromwell, 2001) in a Mexican sample (n = 700, Mage = 38.6, SD = 12.42). Through confirmatory factor analysis and using modification indices, the four-factor structure of the original scale was replicated: angry afterthoughts, thoughts of revenge, angry memories, and understanding of causes. In addition, the four-factor model had better goodness of fit indices than rival models with three and two factors. Alpha reliabilities were acceptable (.72 –.89). ARS results correlated with measures of state anger, trait anger, anger expression, and anger control (negatively); correlations were significant (ps < .001) ARS outcomes also correlated (ps < .001) with physical and verbal aggression, hostility, anger, and emotion suppression, suggesting convergent validity. Men reported more thoughts of revenge than women (p < .001; Eta squared = .026), but there was no evidence of gender differences on the other anger rumination scales, or in total scores.

Keywords

aggressionangerragerumination
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 20 , 2017 , E1
Copyright
Copyright © Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Acosta Canales, T. T., & Domínguez Espinosa, A. C. (2014). El manejo de la impresión y su influencia sobre el bienestar psicológico en dos poblaciones Latinoamericanas [Impression management and its influence on psychological wellbeing in two Latin American populations]. Acta de Investigación Psicológica, 4, 1535–1553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anestis, M. D., Anestis, J. C., Selby, E. A., & Joiner, T. E. (2009). Anger rumination across forms of aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 192–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.026 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Archer, J. (2004). Sex differences in aggression in real-world settings: A meta-analytic review. Review of General Psychology, 8, 291–322. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.8.4.291 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Averill, J. R. (1982). Anger and aggression: An essay on emotion. New York, NY: Springer.Google Scholar
Barret, P. (2007). Structural equation modelling: Adjudging model fit. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 815–824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.09.018 Google Scholar
Bartz, A. E., Blume, N. E., & Rose, J. (1996). Gender differences in self-report measures of anger: The role of social desirability and negative affect. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 11, 241–253.Google Scholar
Bentler, P. M. (1995). EQS 6.1 for Windows. Encino, CA: Multivariate Software, Inc.Google Scholar
Besharat, M. A. (2011). Factorial and cross-cultural validity of a Farsi version of the Anger Rumination Scale. Psychological Reports, 108(1), 317–328. https://doi.org/10.2466/02.08.09.PR0.108.1.317-328 Google Scholar
Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Brown, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In Bollen, K. A. & Long, J. S. (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Bushman, B. J. (2002). Does venting anger feed or extinguish the flame? Catharsis, rumination, distraction, anger, and aggressive responding. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 724–731. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202289002 Google Scholar
Bushman, B. J., Bonacci, A. M., Pedersen, W. C., Vasquez, E. A., & Miller, N. (2005). Chewing on it can chew you up: Effects of rumination on triggered displaced aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 969–983. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.88.6.969 Google Scholar
Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The aggression questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 452–459. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.3.452 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Byrne, B. M. (2006). Structural equation modeling with EQS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar
Chon, K. K. (2002). Cultural aspects of anger. In Hofsten, C. V. & Bäckman, L. (Eds.), Psychology at the turn of the millennium (Vol. 2., pp. 323–346). East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2 nd Ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Crawford, J. R., & Henry, J. D. (2003). The depression anxiety stress scales (DASS): Normative data and latent structure in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42, 111–131. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466503321903544 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denson, T. F. (2009). Angry rumination and the self-regulation of aggression. In Forgas, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Tice, D. M. (Eds.), Psychology of self-regulation (pp. 233–248). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 348–362. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348 Google Scholar
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tathan, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1999). Análisis multivariante [Multivariate analysis] (5 th Ed.). Madrid, Spain: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 4, 424–453.Google Scholar
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118 Google Scholar
Jöreskog, K. (1993). Testing structural equation models. In Bollen, K. A. & Long, J. S. (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 294–320). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Konecni, V. J. (1974). Self-arousal, dissipation of anger, and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1, 192–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/014616727400100166 Google Scholar
Lyubomirsky, S., Kasri, F., & Zehm, K. (2003). Dysphoric rumination impairs concentration on academic tasks. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27, 309–330. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023918517378 Google Scholar
Lyubomirsky, S., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1995). Effects of self-focused rumination on negative thinking and interpersonal problem solving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 176–190. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.69.1.176 Google Scholar
Matsumoto, D., Yoo, S. H., & Nakagawa, S. (2008). Culture, emotion regulation, and adjustment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 925–937. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.94.6.925 Google Scholar
Maxwell, J. P. (2004). Anger rumination: An antecedent of athlete aggression? Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 5, 279–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1469-0292(03)00007-4 Google Scholar
Maxwell, J. P., Sukhodolsky, D. G., Chow, C. C. F., & Wong, C. F. C. (2005). Anger rumination in Hong Kong and Great Britain: Validation of the scale and a cross-cultural comparison. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 1147–1157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.03.022 Google Scholar
Maxwell, J. P., Sukhodolsky, D. G., & Sit, C. H. P. (2009). Preliminary validation of a Chinese version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 12, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839X.2008.01264.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miguel-Tobal, J. J., Cano-Vindel, A., Casado, M. I., & Spielberger, C. D. (2001). STAXI-2: Inventario de expresión de ira estado-rasgo [State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory]. Madrid, Spain: TEA.Google Scholar
Mueller, R. O., & Hancock, G. R. (2008). Best practices in structural equation modeling. In Osborne, J. (Ed.), Best practices in quantitative methods (pp. 488–508). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 569–582. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843X.100.4.569 Google Scholar
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2000). The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.109.3.504 Google Scholar
Oliva, F. J., Hernández, M. R., & Calleja, N. (2010). Validación de la versión mexicana del inventario de expresión de ira estado-rasgo [Validation of the Mexican version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2], STAXI-2. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 13, 107–117.Google Scholar
Pedersen, W. C., Denson, T. F., Goss, R. J., Vasquez, E. A., Kelley, N. J., & Miller, N. (2011). The impact of rumination on aggressive thoughts, feelings, arousal, and behavior. British Journal of Social Psychology, 50, 281–301. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466610X515696 Google Scholar
Pérez, O. M., Ortega, N. A., Rincón, A. B., García, R., & Romero, M. A. (2013). Propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de agresión en dos muestras diferentes de Hidalgo, México [Psychometric properties of the aggression questionnaire in two different samples from Hidalgo, Mexico]. European Scientific Journal, 32, 107–120.Google Scholar
Reynes, E., Berthouze-Aranda, S. E., Guillet-Descas, E., Chabaud, P., & Deflandre, A. (2013). French validation of the anger rumination Scale. Encephale, 39, 339–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2012.11.006 Google Scholar
Rusting, C. L., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1998). Regulating responses to anger: Effects of rumination and distraction on angry mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 790–803. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.790 Google Scholar
Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (2001). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika, 66, 507–514. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02296192 Google Scholar
Spielberger, C. D. (1988). Manual for the state-trait anger expression inventory. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.Google Scholar
Sukhodolsky, D. G., Golub, A., & Cromwell, E. N. (2001). Development and validation of the Anger Rumination Scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 689–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00171-9 Google Scholar
White, B. A., & Turner, K. A. (2014). Anger rumination and effortful control: Mediation effects on reactive but not proactive aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 56, 186–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.012 Google Scholar