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The Sixth Partition of Poland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 August 2009

Oscar Halecki
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Extract

In 1798, three years after the third partition of Poland, George Washington wrote to a friend of Thaddeus Kosciuszko: “That your country is not as happy as her efforts were patriotic and noble, is a misfortune which all the lovers of sensible liberty and rights of men deeply deplore; and were my prayers during that hard struggle of any good, you would be now under your own vine and fig tree, to quote the Bible, as happy in the enjoyments of these desirable blessings as the people of these United States enjoy theirs.” These words of the first President of the United States are the best possible introduction to this article written in 1945, on Washington's birthday.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Review of Politics , Volume 7 , Issue 2 , April 1945 , pp. 142 - 155
Copyright
Copyright © University of Notre Dame 1945

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References

1 Letter to Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz, quoted by Haiman, M., The Fall of Poland in contemporary American opinion, (Chicago, 1935), p. 21Google Scholar.

2 Reddaway, W. F. in The Cambridge History of Poland, (Cambridge, 1941). p. 88Google Scholar.

3 Rose, W. J. in The Cambridge History of Poland, pp. 405–406Google Scholar.

4 See my remarks in the Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, vol. 87 (1943), pp. 196–197Google Scholar.

5 See Casllereagh's note of January 12, 1815. published by Hyde, H. Montgomery in The Cambridge History of Poland, pp. 268–269Google Scholar.

6 All the pertinent texts are quoted in extenso in the article of Sworakowski, W. “An error regarding Eastern. Galicia in Curzon's note to the Soviet Government,” Journal of Central European Affairs, IV No. 1 (04 1944)Google Scholar , which is by far the best and most scholarly study of the whole problem of the Curzon line. I touched it somewhat earlier in my article “Polish-Russian relations-past and prest,” The Review of Politics, V, No. 3 (07 1943), p. 331 ffGoogle Scholar.

7 I am quoting at random Kintery, Paul, “Will History Repeat?” The Catholic Historical Review, xxx. No. 4 (01 1945) p. 377Google Scholar.

8 Czubatyi, N. D. “The Ukrainians and the Polish-Russian border dispute,” The Ukrainian Quarterly, I. No. 1 (10 1944). p. 70Google Scholar.

9 See the detailed study of the conditions during that occupation in chapter V-VII of Cardwell, A. S., Poland and Russia—the last quarter century, (New York, 1944)Google Scholar . and also the description of “Soviet-occupied Poland” by Strzetelski, S. in the collective publication Poland, (University of California Press, 1945)Google Scholar ed. by Schmitt, B. E. in The United Nations Series, (ed. by Kerner, R. J.), pp. 440–445Google Scholar.

10 Some of them are quoted in the excellent article of Chamberlin, W. H., “Some truths about Poland,” The American Mercury, 02 1945Google Scholar.

11 Dean, Vera Micheles “Russia's world outlook affected by experience with UNRRA,” Foreign Policy Bulletin. XXIV No. 14, 01 19, 1945Google Scholar , entirely misrepresents or rather reverses the situation.

12 Lippmann, W.. U. S. Foreign Policy. (Boston, 1943). pp. 149–150Google Scholar . is not yet quite “categorical” in that matter, although Poland is already excluded from the Atlantic Community; in his book U. S. War Aims, (New York, 1944)Google Scholar, she is clearly placed in the “Russian Orbit.”