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The Aftermath of Independence in Tropical Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 August 2009

A. P. Walshe
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Extract

The achievement of independence in tropical Africa temporarily checked the rise of nationalist sentiment. In most territories hopes gave way to a sense of anticlimax, a heightened awareness of social stratification and the resurgence of ethnic loyalties. The reactive process which produced the beginnings of organized mass followings and much wider popular acclaim for charismatic leaders had ended at least, in the clearly focused form of demands for one man, one vote, political independence and national development as opposed to overt colonial dependency.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Review of Politics , Volume 34 , Issue 3 , July 1972 , pp. 395 - 421
Copyright
Copyright © University of Notre Dame 1972

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References

1 Allen, C. and Johnson, R. W., African Perspectives (London, 1970)Google Scholar; Lofchie, M. F., The State of the Nations (Berkeley, 1971)Google Scholar.

2 Dumont, R., False Start in Africa (London, 1966)Google Scholar.

3 Mazrui, A. A., “Political Science and the Decline of African Nationalism,” mimeo, p. 4Google Scholar. A paper read before the Twentieth-Anniversary Conference of the Program of African Studies, Northwestern University.

4 Achimota offered some university-level courses after 1938.

5 Initially a teacher-training college, Fourah Bay achieved University College status in 1876.

6 Coleman, J. S., Nigeria: Background to Nationalism (Berkeley, 1958), p. 193Google Scholar.

7 Zolberg, A. R., Creating Political Order (Chicago, 1966), pp. 133–134Google Scholar.

8 This has been virtually nullified for food and fiber crops by deteriorating terms of trade.

9 Urban population has been growing at least twice as fast as total population. In 1970, 12 per cent of sub-Saharan Africans, or 31 million, lived in urban areas. By the year 2,000, 23 per cent or approximately 134 million will be urban dwellers. At an annual growth rate of 5 per cent, urban population will be doubling every 15 years. As African urbanization accelerates in this manner, Asian and Latin American total and urban population is projected to decelerate. Madavo, C., “African Urbanization Trends, Problems and Planning Approaches,” mimeo, p. 2Google Scholar, draft unpublished article.

10 Hanson, J. W., Enhancing the Contribution of Formal Education in Africa: Primary Schools, Secondary Schools and Teacher Training Institutions (Washington, D.C., 1971), p. 2Google Scholar.

11 Schatz, S., “Crude Private Neo-Imperialism,” Journal of Modern African Studies, VII, no. 4 (12 1969)Google Scholar.

12 Nkrumah's title.

13 Allen, C. and Johnson, R. W., African Perspectives, p. 81Google Scholar.

14 Ibid., p. 215–216.

15 Ibid., p. 241.

16 Ibid., pp. 284–285.

17 Ibid., p. 310.

18 Lofchie, M., The State of the Nations, p. 257Google Scholar.