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Accepted manuscript

Neonatal anthropometric indicators of infant growth and mortality in Burkina Faso

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2024

Mamadou Bountogo ,
Ali Sié ,
Alphonse Zakane ,
Guillaume Compaoré ,
Thierry Ouédraogo ,
Elodie Lebas ,
Kieran S. O’Brien Open the ORCID record for Kieran S. O’Brien [Opens in a new window] ,
Thomas M. Lietman  and
Catherine E. Oldenburg
Mamadou Bountogo
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso
Ali Sié
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso
Alphonse Zakane
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso
Guillaume Compaoré
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso
Thierry Ouédraogo
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso
Elodie Lebas
Affiliation:
Francis I Proctor Foundation, San Francisco, CA, USA
Kieran S. O’Brien
Affiliation:
Francis I Proctor Foundation, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
Thomas M. Lietman
Affiliation:
Francis I Proctor Foundation, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
Catherine E. Oldenburg*
Affiliation:
Francis I Proctor Foundation, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
*
*Author for Correspondence: Catherine Oldenburg, ScD MPH, 490 Illinois St, Floor 2, San Francisco, CA, USA 94143, Phone: 415-502-8843, Email: catherine.oldenburg@ucsf.edu
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Abstract

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Objective:

Most evidence supporting screening for undernutrition is for children aged 6-59 months. However, the highest risk of mortality and highest incidence of wasting occurs in the first 6 months of life. We evaluated relationships between neonatal anthropometric indicators, including birthweight, weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ), weight-for-length Z-score (WLZ), length-for-age Z-score (LAZ), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and mortality and growth at 6 months of age among infants in Burkina Faso.

Design:

Data arose from a randomized controlled trial evaluating neonatal azithromycin administration for prevention of child mortality. We evaluated relationships between baseline anthropometric measures and mortality, wasting (WLZ < -2), stunting (LAZ < -2), and underweight (WAZ < -2) at 6 months of age was estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for the child’s age and sex.

Setting:

Five regions of Burkina Faso.

Participants:

Infants aged 8 to 27 days followed until 6 months of age.

Results:

Of 21,832 infants enrolled in the trial, 7.9% were low birthweight (<2500 g), 13.3% were wasted, 7.7% were stunted, and 7.4% were underweight at enrollment. All anthropometric deficits were associated with mortality by 6 months of age, with WAZ the strongest predictor (WAZ < -2 to ≥ -3 at enrollment versus WAZ ≥ -2: adjusted odds ratio, aOR, 3.91, 95% confidence interval, CI, 2.21 to 6.56). Low WAZ was also associated with wasting, stunting, and underweight at 6 months.

Conclusions:

Interventions for identifying infants at highest risk of mortality and growth failure should consider WAZ as part of their screening protocol.

Keywords

Undernutritionscreeninginfant mortalityunderweight
Type
Research Paper
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 16
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Authors 2024