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Accepted manuscript

The equitable impact of sugary drink taxation structures on sugary drink consumption among Canadians: a modelling study using the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2024

Brendan T Smith Open the ORCID record for Brendan T Smith [Opens in a new window] ,
Christine M Warren ,
Laura N Anderson ,
David Hammond ,
Douglas G Manuel ,
Ye Li ,
Alessandra T Andreacchi ,
Laura C Rosella ,
Sze Hang Fu  and
Erin Hobin
Brendan T Smith*
Affiliation:
Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St Room 500, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
Christine M Warren
Affiliation:
Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada
Laura N Anderson
Affiliation:
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Sickkids Research Institute, 686 Bay St, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
David Hammond
Affiliation:
School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
Douglas G Manuel
Affiliation:
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada Department of Family Medicine, and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent Room 101, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada Bruyère Research Institute, 85 Primrose Ave, Ottawa ON K1R 6M1, Canada
Ye Li
Affiliation:
Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St Room 500, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
Alessandra T Andreacchi
Affiliation:
Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St Room 500, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
Laura C Rosella
Affiliation:
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St Room 500, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada Institute for Better Health, Trillium Health Partners, 100 Queensway West, Mississauga ON L5B 1B8, Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto ON M5S 1A8, Canada
Sze Hang Fu
Affiliation:
Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada
Erin Hobin
Affiliation:
Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St Room 500, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
*
Corresponding author: Brendan Smith, PhD, Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2 Canada, Tel: 647 260-7446, Email: brendan.smith@oahpp.ca
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Abstract

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Objective:

Estimate the impact of 20% flat-rate and tiered sugary drink tax structures on the consumption of sugary drinks, sugar-sweetened beverages, and 100% juice by age, sex, and socioeconomic position.

Design:

We modelled the impact of price changes –for each tax structure– on the demand for sugary drinks by applying own- and cross-price elasticities to self-report sugary drink consumption measured using single day 24-hour dietary recalls from the cross-sectional, nationally-representative 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition. For both 20% flat-rate and tiered sugary drink tax scenarios, we used linear regression to estimate differences in mean energy intake and proportion of energy intake from sugary drinks by age, sex, education, food security and income.

Setting:

Canada.

Participants:

19,742 respondents aged 2 and over.

Results:

In the 20% flat-rate scenario, we estimated mean energy intake and proportion of daily energy intake from sugary drinks on a given day would be reduced by 29 kcal/day (95%UI: 18, 41) and 1.3% (95%UI: 0.8, 1.8), respectively. Similarly, in the tiered tax scenario, additional small, but meaningful reductions were estimated in mean energy intake (40 kcal/day, 95%UI: 24, 55) and proportion of daily energy intake (1.8%, 95%UI: 1.1, 2.5). Both tax structures reduced, but did not eliminate, inequities in mean energy intake from sugary drinks despite larger consumption reductions in children/adolescents, males and individuals with lower education, food security and income.

Conclusions:

Sugary drink taxation, including an additional benefit of taxing 100% juice, could reduce overall and inequities in mean energy intake from sugary drinks in Canada.

Keywords

sugary drinkssugar-sweetened beveragestaxationpolicyhealth equitysocioeconomic factors
Type
Research Paper
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 27
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Authors 2024