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Resentment: Shakespeare and Nietzsche on Anger without Privilege

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 March 2022

Benedict S. Robinson
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Abstract

This essay traces the literary and cultural history of resentment from the word's first arrival in English. It argues that resentment harbors the seeds of a new paradigm of anger, tied to a new sense of anger's social content: where ancient accounts of anger center on the anger of the powerful, this form of anger—embodied most famously in Nietzsche's theory of Ressentiment—addresses the anger of disempowered social agents. The argument unfolds in three stages: first, I use digital tools and a large-scale archive to analyze what early modern writers wrote about when they wrote about resentment; second, I pursue the word into the history of science and new ways of thinking about the nature of anger; and third, I read literary history and the Shakespearean plot of tragic intrigue in particular as an extended imaginative investigation of this changing set of concerns in the sociality of anger.

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Essays
Information
PMLA , Volume 137 , Issue 1 , January 2022 , pp. 88 - 106
Copyright
Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Modern Language Association of America

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Footnotes

The research for this essay was undertaken with the help of yearlong fellowships at the Newberry Library in Chicago and the Institute for Research in the Humanities at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, and shorter fellowships at the Huntington Library and the Folger Shakespeare Library. Thanks also to audiences at Columbia University, Northwestern University, and the Shakespeare Association of America, for engaging with earlier versions of the argument.

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