Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-n9wrp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-23T08:59:13.685Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Kushner at Colonus: Tragedy, Politics, and Citizenship

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2020

Abstract

The epilogue of Tony Kushner's Angels in America is often criticized as modeling a political capitulation, allowing vague spiritual promise to eclipse real political difference. This article reads Kushner's epilogue in dialogue with Sophocles's Oedipus at Colonus as a negotiation with the tragic condition that intertwines the political and the spiritual, set in a ritual space of utopian transformation. The plays' tragic subjects, persisting past their expected demise and defined by their continued exclusion from the polis, demand citizenship as an act of reincorporation and an amelioration of suffering, offering transformative benefits to the state in turn. For Kushner, following Sophocles, the demand for citizenship is a demand for personal and political subjecthood, a precondition to all other politics and always a spiritual transfiguration.

Type
Special Topic: Tragedy Coordinated by Helene P. Foley and Jean E. Howard
Copyright
Copyright © Modern Language Association of America, 2014

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works Cited

Ask Professor Ginkgo: The Fountains of New York.” Daily Plant 10 Sept. 2002: n. pag. Web. 15 Oct. 2012.Google Scholar
Berenson, Richard J., and Carroll, Raymond. The Complete Illustrated Map and Guidebook to Central Park. New York: Sterling, 2007. Print.Google Scholar
Bersani, Leo. Homos. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1995. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Birmingham, Stephen. Life at the Dakota: New York's Most Unusual Address. Syracuse: Syracuse UP, 1996. Print.Google Scholar
Corby, James. “The Audacity of Hope: Locating Kushner's Political Vision in Angels in America. Forum for Modern Language Studies 47.1 (2010): 1635. Print.Google Scholar
Crimp, Douglas. “AIDS: Cultural Analysis / Cultural Activism.” AIDS: Cultural Analysis / Cultural Activism. Ed. Crimp, . Cambridge: MIT P, 1988. 316. Rpt. from AIDS: Cultural Analysis / Cultural Activism. Ed. Crimp. Spec. issue of October 43 (1987): 316. Print.Google Scholar
Crimp, Douglas. “How to Have Promiscuity in an Epidemic”. AIDS: Cultural Analysis / Cultural Activism. Ed. Crimp, . Cambridge: MIT P, 1988. 237–71. Rpt. from AIDS: Cultural Analysis / Cultural Activism. Ed. Crimp. Spec. issue of October 43 (1987): 237–71. Print.Google Scholar
Crimp, Douglas. Melancholia and Moralism: Essays on AIDS and Queer Politics. Cambridge: MIT P, 2002. Print.Google Scholar
Edmunds, Lowell. Theatrical Space and Historical Place in Sophocles' Oedipus at Colonus. Lanham: Rowman, 1996. Print.Google Scholar
Freedman, Jonathan. “Angels, Monsters, and Jews: Intersections of Queer and Jewish Identity in Kushner's Angels in America.” Ethnicity. Ed. Sander L. Oilman. Spec. issue of PMLA 113.1 (1998): 90102. Print.Google Scholar
Hammond, Paul. The Strangeness of Tragedy. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2009. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kushner, Tony. “AIDS, Angels, Activism, and Sex in the Nineties.” Interview by Patrick R. Pacheco. Tony Kushner in Conversation. Ed. Vorlicky, Robert. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1998. 5161. Print.Google Scholar
Kushner, Tony. Foreword. The Greek Plays. By Ellen McLaughlin. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 2005. vii-xii. Print.Google Scholar
Kushner, Tony. Foreword. The Normal Heart and The Destiny of Me. By Kramer, Larry. New York: Grove, 2000. vii-xxv. Print.Google Scholar
Kushner, Tony. Millennium Approaches. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1993. Print. Pt. 1 of Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes.Google Scholar
Kushner, Tony. “On Puffins and Presidents.” The Nation Institute. Nation Inst., 20 Jan. 2012. Web. 5 July 2013.Google Scholar
Kushner, Tony. Perestroika. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1994. Print. Pt. 2 of Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes.Google Scholar
Kushner, Tony. Thinking about the Longstanding Problems of Virtue and Happiness: Essays, a Play, Two Poems, and a Prayer. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995. Print.Google Scholar
Kushner, Tony. “Tony Kushner”. Interview by David Savran. Speaking on Stage: Interviews with Contemporary American Playwrights. Ed. Kolin, Philip C. and Kullman, Colby H. Tuscaloosa: U of Alabama P, 1996. 291313. Print.Google Scholar
Kushner, Tony. “Tony Kushner Talks Arthur Miller, Salesman, and Judaism.” Jspace. Jspace, 20 June 2012. Web. 30 June 2013.Google Scholar
McNulty, Charles. 'Angels in America: Tony Kushner's Theses on the Philosophy of History.“ Modern Drama 39.1 (1996): 8496. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, Sara Cedar. Central Park: An American Masterpiece. New York: Abrams, 2003. Print.Google Scholar
Mohr, Paula A.God in Gotham: The Design of Sacred Space in New York's Central Park.” American Sanctuary: Understanding Sacred Spaces. Ed. Nelson, Louis P. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 2006. 3764. Print.Google Scholar
Reinelt, Janelle. “Notes on Angels in America as American Epic Theater.” Approaching the Millennium: Essays on Angels in America. Ed. Deborah R. Geis and Steven F. Kruger. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1997. 234–44. Print.Google Scholar
Robinson, Marc. The American Play, 1787-2000. New Haven: Yale UP, 2009. Print.Google Scholar
Rogers, Elizabeth Barlow. Rebuilding Central Park: A Management and Restoration Plan. Cambridge: MIT P, 1987. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenzweig, Roy, and Blackmar, Elizabeth. The Park and the People: A History of Central Park. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1992. Print.Google Scholar
Savoy, Eric. “Reading at Risk: The Mortifications of AIDS”. Minnesota Review 40 (1993): 6583.Google Scholar
Savran, David. “Ambivalence, Utopia, and a Queer Sort of Materialism: How Angels in America Reconstructs the Nation.” Approaching the Millennium: Essays on Angels in America. Ed. Deborah R. Geis and Steven F. Kruger. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1997. 1339. Print.Google Scholar
Segal, Charles. Tragedy and Civilization: An Interpretation of Sophocles. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 1999. Print.Google Scholar
Slatkin, Laura. “Oedipus at Colonus: Exile and Integration.” Greek Tragedy and Political Theory. Ed. Euben, J. Peter. Berkeley: U of California P, 1986. 210–21. Print.Google Scholar
Sontag, Susan. AIDS and Its Metaphors. New York: Farrar, 1988. Print.Google Scholar
Sophocles. Oedipus at Colonus. Trans. Grene, David. 2nd ed. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1991. Print. Complete Greek Tragedies.Google Scholar
Vidal-Naquet, Pierre. “Aeschylus, the Past and the Present.” Myth and Tragedy in Ancient Greece. By Jean-Pierre Vernant and Vidal-Naquet. Trans. Janet Lloyd. New York: Zone, 1990. 249–72. Print.Google Scholar
Watney, Simon. Policing Desire: Pornography, AIDS, and the Media. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1987. Print.Google Scholar
Whitman, Cedric Hubbell. Sophocles: A Study of Heroic Humanism. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1951. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, Joseph P. The Hero and the City: An Interpretation of Sophocles' Oedipus at Colonus. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 1997. Print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Žižek, Slavoj. “Psychoanalysis in Post-Marxism: The Case of Alain Badiou”. South Atlantic Quarterly 97.2 (1998): 235–61. Print.Google Scholar