Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-68ccn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-10T13:31:16.689Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Construction of the Narrator in The Nigger of the “Narcissus”

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2020

Abstract

Mikhail Bakhtin's concern with the dialogic nature of the fictional text and of the self serves as an important precursor to more recent theoretical work on “the problem of the subject.” Bakhtin's dialogism is an especially useful tool with which to approach the familiar problem of point of view in The Nigger of the “Narcissus.” A dialogical reading of this novel reveals a polyphony of ideological voices out of which the “I” narrator, who emerges only on the final pages of the novel, is born. Conrad's novel lays bare this function of ideology, the construction of individual subjects. Recalling Conrad's preface, we might say that this process is what the dialogically attuned reader is made to “see” or “hear.”

Type
Research Article
Information
PMLA , Volume 103 , Issue 5 , October 1988 , pp. 783 - 795
Copyright
Copyright © Modern Language Association of America, 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works Cited

Adorno, Theodor. Aesthetic Theory. Trans. Lenhardt, C. New York: Routledge, 1986.Google Scholar
Bakhtin, Mikhail. “Discourse in the Novel.” The Dialogic Imagination. Ed. Holquist, Michael. Austin: U of Texas P, 1981. 259422.Google Scholar
Bakhtin, Mikhail. The Formal Method in Literary Scholarship. Trans. Wehrle, Albert J. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1985.Google Scholar
Barthes, Roland. Criticism and Truth. Trans. Kevneman, Katrine Pilcher. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1987.Google Scholar
Bakhtin, Mikhail. Image, Music, Text. Trans. Heath, Stephen. New York: Hill, 1977.Google Scholar
Bakhtin, Mikhail. Mythologies. Trans. Lavers, Annette. New York: Hill, 1972.Google Scholar
Bakhtin, Mikhail. S/Z. Trans. Miller, Richard. New York: Hill, 1974.Google Scholar
Bennett, Tony. Formalism and Marxism. New York: Methuen, 1979.10.4324/9780203977903CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benveniste, Emile. Problems in General Linguistics. Trans. Meek, Mary Elizabeth. Coral Gables: U of Miami P, 1971.Google Scholar
Bonney, William W. Thorns and Arabesques: Contexts for Conrad's Fiction. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1980.Google Scholar
Booth, Wayne. The Rhetoric of Fiction. 1961. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1983.Google Scholar
Carroll, David. “Narrative, Heterogeneity, and the Question of the Political: Bakhtin and Lyotard.” The Aims of Representation: Subject/Text/History. Ed. Krieger, Murray. New York: Columbia UP, 1987. 69106.Google Scholar
Clark, Katerina, and Holquist, Michael. Mikhail Bakhtin. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1984.Google Scholar
Conrad, Joseph. “Autocracy and War.” Notes on Life and Letters. New York: Doubleday, 1925. 83114.Google Scholar
Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. Ed. Kimbrough, Robert. New York: Norton, 1971.Google Scholar
Conrad, Joseph. Life and Letters. Ed. Jean-Aubry, G. New York: Doubleday, 1927.Google Scholar
Conrad, Joseph. Lord Jim. Ed. Moser, Thomas C. New York: Norton, 1968.Google Scholar
Conrad, Joseph. The Nigger of the “Narcissus.” New York: Penguin, 1985.Google Scholar
Conrad, Joseph. Nostromo. New York: Penguin, 1983.Google Scholar
Corngold, Stanley. The Fate of the Self: German Writers and French Theory. New York: Columbia UP, 1986.Google Scholar
de Man, Paul. Allegories of Reading. New Haven: Yale UP, 1979.Google Scholar
de Man, Paul. Blindness and Insight: Essays in the Rhetoric of Contemporary Criticism. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1983.Google Scholar
Derrida, Jacques. “Limited Inc.” Glyph 2. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1977. 162254.Google Scholar
Eagleton, Terry. Literary Theory: An Introduction. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1983.Google Scholar
Fleishman, Avrom. Conrad's Politics. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1967.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality. Trans. Hurley, Robert. 3 vols. New York: Random, 1980–86.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. The Order of Things. New York: Vintage, 1973.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. “What Is an Author?Language, Counter-Memory, Practice. Trans. Bouchard, Donald F. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1977. 113–38.Google Scholar
Foulke, R. D. “Creed and Conduct in The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus.‘” Conradiana 12.2 (1980): 105–28.Google Scholar
Foulke, R. D. “Postures of Belief in The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus.‘” Modern Fiction Studies 17 (1971): 249–62.Google Scholar
Gombrich, E. H.‘They Were All Human Beings—So Much Is Plain’: Reflections on Cultural Relativism in the Humanities.” Critical Inquiry 13 (1987): 686–99.Google Scholar
Guerard, Albert J. “The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus.‘” Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Nigger of the “Narcissus.” Ed. Palmer, John A. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1969. 5668.Google Scholar
Hacking, Ian. “Making Up People.” Reconstructing Individualism: Autonomy, Individuality, and the Self in Western Thought. Ed. Heller, Thomas C., Sosna, Morton, and Wellbery, David E. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1986. 222–36.Google Scholar
Hay, Eloise Knapp. The Political Novels of Joseph Conrad. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1963.Google Scholar
Jameson, Fredric. “Imaginary and Symbolic in Lacan: Marxism, Psychoanalytic Criticism, and the Problem of the Subject.Yale French Studies 55–56 (1977): 338–95.10.2307/2930443CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jameson, Fredric. The Political Unconscious: Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1981.Google Scholar
Karl, Frederick R. Joseph Conrad: The Three Lives. New York: Farrar, 1979.Google Scholar
Lacan, Jacques. “Of Structure as an Inmixing of an Otherness Prerequisite to Any Subject Whatever.The Structuralist Controversy. Ed. Macksey, Richard and Donato, Eugenio. Johns Hopkins UP, 1972. 186–95.Google Scholar
Lacan, Jacques, and Wilden, Anthony. The Language of the Self: The Function of Language in Psychoanalysis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1968.Google Scholar
Lacan, Jacques, and Wilden, Anthony. Speech and Language in Psychoanalysis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1968.Google Scholar
Lester, John. “Conrad's Narrators in The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus.‘” Conradiana 12.3 (1980): 163–72.Google Scholar
Meyer, John W.Myths of Socialization and of Personality.” Reconstructing Individualism: Autonomy, Individuality, and the Self in Western Thought. Ed. Heller, Thomas C., Sosna, Morton, and Wellbery, David E. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1986. 208–21.Google Scholar
Michael, Marion. “Currents in Conrad Criticism: A Symposium.” Conradiana 4.3 (1972): 521.Google Scholar
Mudrick, Marvin. “The Artist's Conscience and The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus.‘” Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Nigger of the “Narcissus.” Ed. Palmer, John A. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1969. 6977.Google Scholar
Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Will to Power. Trans. Hollingdale, R. J. and Kaufman, Walter. Ed. Kaufman. New York: Vintage, 1968.Google Scholar
Richards, I. A.Doctrine in Poetry.” Practical Criticism. New York: Harcourt, 1929. 255–74.Google Scholar
Sidney, Sir Philip. “An Apology for Poetry.” Critical Theory since Plato. Ed. Adams, Hazard. New York: Harcourt, 1971. 155–77.Google Scholar
Silverman, Kaja. The Subject of Semiotics. New York: Oxford UP, 1983.Google Scholar
Todorov, Tzvetan. Mikhail Bakhtin: The Dialogical Principle. Trans. Godzich, Wlad. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1984.Google Scholar
Watt, Ian. Conrad in the Nineteenth Century. Berkeley: U of California P, 1979.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, Hayden. “The Value of Narrativity in the Representation of Reality.” Critical Inquiry 7 (1980): 527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar