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The Æsthetic Revolt Against Naturalism in Victorian Criticism
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 December 2020
Extract
Victorian society, however emphatic its hostility to French Naturalism, was not unanimous in its disapproval. Indeed, many of the bitterest critics softened their reproaches as the century advanced. Robert Buchanan, for example, not only modified his earlier position in later years, but became a staunch defender of Zola. In 1877 he had aligned himself with the forces of virtue and goodness as embodied in the Society for the Suppression of Vice, the aim of which was to save the land from the blasphemers Rabelais, Boccaccio, Baudelaire, Swinburne, Rossetti, Meredith, Zola, Ibsen, Wagner, George Moore, and many others.
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- Copyright © Modern Language Association of America, 1938
References
1 A Look Around Literature (London: Ward and Downey, 1887), p. 303.
2 Ibid., p. 304.
3 “Balzac's Literary Reputation in Victorian Society,” PMLA, lxvii, 1150–1157; “Zola's Literary Reputation in England,” PMLA, xlix, 1140–1153; “Ibsen's Literary Reputation and Victorian Taste,” SP, xxxii, 632–645; and “Victorian Comment on Russian Realism,” PMLA, lii, 542–549.
4 “Emile Zola,” Fortnightly Review, xxxvii (April, 1882), 439 et seq.
5 “Realism and Romance,” Contemporary Review, lii (Nov., 1887), 687.
6 Ibid., pp. 687 and 693.
7 Essays Speculative and Suggestive (London: Chapman & Hall, 1893), p. 262. See also pp. 56–57, and “Edward Cracroft Lefroy,” The Key of Blue (London: Elkin Mathews, 1896), p. 109.
8 “Realism and Idealism,” Fortnightly Review, xlviii (Sept., 1887), 429.
9 Essays Speculative and Suggestive, p. 420.
10 Ibid., p. 426.
11 Ibid., p. 428.
12 The Key of Blue, p. 111.
13 Letters of George Meredith (New York: Scribners, 1910). ii, 351, 398, 399, 401, 533.
14 i, 77.
15 “The Morality of the Profession of Letters,” Fortnightly Renew (April, 1895). Reprinted in Sketches and Criticism (New York: Scribners, 1898), p. 285.
16 “Some of Balzac's Minor Pieces,” Fortnightly Review, lii (Oct., 1889), 491–492.
17 Impressions and Opinions (New York, Scribners, 1891), p. 67.
18 Reprinted in Epigram (New York: Brainard, 1909), pp. 4–5.
19 “Balzac in English,” Pall Mall Gazette (Sept. 13, 1886).
20 “Russian Novelists,” Pall Mall Gazette (May 2, 1887).
21 Epigrams, loc. cit., p. 6.
22 Letter to the Editor of the St. James Gazette, June 25, 1890.
23 Studies in the Seven Arts (New York: Dutton, 1906), pp. 3–7.
24 The Symbolist Movement in Literature (New York: Dutton, 1919), pp. 325–328.