Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pjpqr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-04T17:22:03.341Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Molecular nature of chemically and physically induced mutants in plants: a review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 July 2014

Zarqa Nawaz  and
Qingyao Shu
Zarqa Nawaz
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou310029, People's Republic of China Wuxi-Zhejiang University Bioagricultural Research Centre, Wuxi, Jiangsu214105, People's Republic of China
Qingyao Shu*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou310029, People's Republic of China Wuxi-Zhejiang University Bioagricultural Research Centre, Wuxi, Jiangsu214105, People's Republic of China
*
* Corresponding author. E-mail: qyshu@zju.edu.cn
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

More than 3200 new mutant varieties have been bred and used by millions of farmers, which has significantly contributed to world food security. A lot more mutants have also served as tools for gene discovery and functional analysis. Recent genomic approaches including TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions In Genome) have enabled screening of mutations at the molecular level. This review describes the molecular nature of chemically and physically induced mutations and their repercussions. Analyses of TILLING reports indicate that chemically induced mutations are mostly nucleotide substitutions, but that mutation frequencies fluctuate among plant species ranging from one DNA lesion per 300 kbp in Arabidopsis to one DNA lesion per 30 kbp in bread wheat, which reciprocate with an increase in ploidy levels. The majority (>95%) of chemically induced DNA lesions are silent or missense mutations. Mutations induced by physical mutagens seem to be more diverse, including single-nucleotide substitutions, insertions, inversions and translocations, although short deletions ( < 15 bp) are relatively more predominant. The proportion of complex mutations (translocation, inversions, etc.) may increase with an increase in the linear energy transfer of radiations. In addition, the implications of these findings for the roles of induced mutants in breeding and gene function analysis are briefly discussed.

Keywords

gene discoverymutagenesismutantsplant breeding
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 12 , Issue S1: Special issue on the 3rd International Symposium on “Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources” , July 2014 , pp. S74 - S78
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abe, T, Ryuto, H and Fukunishi, N (2012) Ion beam radiation mutagenesis. In: Shu, QY, Forster, BP and Nakagawa, H (eds) Plant Mutation Breeding and Biotechnology. Oxford: CABI, pp. 99–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belfield, EJ, Gan, AC, Mithani, A, Brown, C, Jiang, CF, Franklin, K, Alvey, E, Wibowo, A, Jung, M, Bailey, K, Kalwani, S, Ragoussis, J, Mott, R and Harberd, NP (2012) Genome-wide analysis of mutations in mutant lineages selected following fast-neutron irradiation mutagenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana . Genome Research 22: 1306–1315.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chawade, A, Sikora, P, Bräutigam, M, Larsson, M, Vivekanad, V, Nakash, MA, Chen, TS and Olsson, O (2010) Development and characterization of an oat TILLING – population and identification of mutations in ligin and β-glucan biosynthesis genes. BMC Plant Biology 10: 86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, H, Cheng, Z, Ma, X, Wu, H, Liu, Y, Zhou, K, Chen, Y, Ma, W, Bi, J, Zhang, X, Guo, X, Wang, J, Lei, C, Wu, F, Lin, Q, Liu, Y, Liu, L and Jiang, L (2013) A knockdown mutation of yellow-green leaf2 blocks chlorophyll biosynthesis in rice. Plant Cell Reports 32: 1855–1867.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cooper, JL, Till, BJ, Laport, RG, Darlow, MC, Kleffner, JM, Jamai, A, El-Mellouki, T, Liu, S, Ritchie, R, Nielsen, N, Bilyeu, KD, Meksem, K, Comai, L and Henikoff, S (2008) Tilling to detect induced mutations in soybean. BMC Plant Biology 8: 9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dong, CM, Dalton-Morgan, J, Vicent, K and Sharp, P (2009) A modified TILLING method for wheat breeding. The Plant Genome 2: 39–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottwald, S, Bauer, P, Komatsuda, T, Lundqvist, U and Stein, N (2009) Tilling in the two-rowed barley cultivar ‘Barke’ reveals preferred sites of functional diversity in the gene HvHox1 . BMC Research Notes 2: 1–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greene, EA, Codomo, CA, Taylor, NE, Henikoff, JG, Till, BJ, Reynolds, SH, Enns, LC, Burtner, C, Johnson, JE, Odden, AR, Comai, L and Henikoff, S (2003) Spectrum of chemically induced mutations from a large-scale reverse-genetic screen in Arabidopsis . Genetics 164: 731–740.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harloff, HJ, Lemcke, S, Mittasch, J, Frolov, A, Wu, JG, Dreyer, F, Leckband, G and Jung, C (2012) A mutation screening platform for rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and the detection of sinpine biosynthesis mutants. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 124: 957–969.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hirano, T, Kazama, Y, Ohbu, S, Shirakawa, Y, Liu, Y, Kambara, T, Fukunishi, N and Abe, T (2012) Molecular nature of mutations induced by high-LET irradiation with argon and carbon ions in Arabidopsis thaliana . Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 735: 19–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jankowicz-Cieslak, J, Huynh, OA, Brozynska, M, Nakitandwe, J and Till, BJ (2012) Induction, rapid fixation and retention of mutations in vegetatively propagated banana. Plant Biotechnology Journal 10: 1056–1066.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kazama, Y, Hirano, T, Saito, H, Liu, Y, Ohbu, S, Hayashi, Y, Abe, T (2011) Characterization of highly efficient heavy-ion mutagenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana , BMC Plant Biology 11: 161.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumar, APK, Boualem, A, Bhattacharya, A, Parikh, S, Desai, N, Zambelli, A, Leon, A, Chatterjee, M and Bendahmane, A (2013) SMART – Sunflower Mutant population And Reverse genetic Tool for crop improvement. BMC Plant Biology 13: 38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leitao, JM (2012) Chemical mutagenesis. In: Shu, QY, Forster, BP and Nakagawa, H (eds) Plant Mutation Breeding and Biotechnology. Oxford: CABI, pp. 135–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, X, Song, Y, Century, K, Straight, S, Ronald, P, Dong, X, Lassner, M and Zhang, Y (2001) A fast neutron deletion mutagenesis-based reverse genetics system for plants. Plant Journal 27: 235–242.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Li, X and Zhang, Y (2002) Reverse genetics by fast neutron mutagenesis in higher plants. Functional and Integrative Genomics 2: 254–258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martín, B, Ramiro, M, Martínez-Zapater, JM and Alonso-Blanco, C (2009) A high-density collection of EMS-induced mutations for TILLING in Landsberg erecta genetic background of Arabidopsis . BMC Plant Biology 9: 147.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mba, C, Afza, R and Shu, QY (2012) Mutagenic radiations: X-rays, ionizing particles and ultraviolet. In: Shu, QY, Forster, BP and Nakagawa, H (eds) Plant Mutation Breeding and Biotechnology. Oxford: CABI, pp. 83–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCallum, CM, Comai, L, Greene, EA and Henikoff, S (2000) Targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) for plant functional genomics. Plant Physiology 123: 439–442.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Men, AE, Laniya, ST, Searle, IR, Iturbe-Ormaetxe, I, Gresshoff, I, Jiang, Q, Carroll, BJ and Gresshoff, PM (2002) Fast neutron mutagenesis of soybean (Glycine soja L.) produces a supernodulating mutant containing a large deletion in linkage group H. Genome Letters 1: 147–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morita, R, Kusaba, M, Iida, S, Yamaguchi, H, Nishio, T and Nishimura, M (2009) Molecular characterization of mutations induced by gamma irradiation in rice. Genes Genetic Systems 84: 361–370.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pathirana, R (2011) Plant mutation breeding in agriculture. CAB Reviews: Perspectives in Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources. 32: 1–20.Google Scholar
Rawat, N, Sehgal, SK, Joshi, A, Rothe, N, Wilson, DL, McGraw, N, Vadlani, PV, Li, WL and Gill, BS (2012) A diploid wheat TILLING resource for wheat functional genomics. BMC Plant Biology 12: 205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rogers, C, Wen, J, Chen, R and Oldroyd, G (2009) Deletion-based reverse genetics in Medicago truncatula . Plant Physiology 151: 1077–1086.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Searle, IR, Men, AE, Laniya, TS, Buzas, DM, Iturbe-Ormaetxe, I, Carroll, BJ and Gresshoff, PM (2003) Long-distance signaling in nodulation directed by a CLAVATA1-like receptor kinase. Science 299: 109–112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shikazono, N, Suzuki, C, Kitamura, S, Watanabe, H, Tano, S and Tanaka, A (2005) Analysis of mutations induced by carbon ions in Arabidopsis thaliana . Journal of Experimental Botany 56: 587–596.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sikora, P, Chawade, A, Larsson, M, Olsson, J and Olsson, O (2011) Mutagenesis as a tool in plant genetics, functional genomics, and breeding. International Journal of Plant Genomics 2011: 314829 doi:10.1155/2011/314829.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suzuki, T, Eiguchi, M, Kumamaru, T, Satoh, H, Matsusaka, H, Moriguchi, K, Nagato, Y and Kurata, N (2008) MNU-induced mutant pools and high performance TILLING enable finding of any gene mutation in rice. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 279: 213–223.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Talamè, V, Bovina, R, Sanguineti, MC, Tuberosa, R, Lundqvist, U and Salvi, S (2008) TILLMORE, a resource for the discovery of chemically induced mutants in barley. Plant Biotechnology Journal 6: 477–485.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Till, BJ, Cooper, J, Tai, TH, Colowit, P, Greene, EA, Henikoff, S and Comai, L (2007) Discovery of chemically induced mutations in rice by TILLING. BMC Plant Biology 7: 19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Uauy, C, Paraiso, F, Colasuonno, P, Tran, RK, Tsai, H, Berardi, S, Comai, L and Dubscovsky, J (2009) A modified TILLING approach to detect induced mutations in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. BMC Plant Biology 9: 115.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, N, Wang, Y, Tian, F, King, GJ, Zhang, CY, Long, Y, Shi, L and Meng, JL (2008) A functional genomics resources for Brassica napus: development of an EMS mutagenized population and discovery of FAE1 point mutations by TILLING. New Phytologist 180: 751–765.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waugh, R, Leader, DJ, McCallum, N and Caldwell, D (2006) Harvesting the potential of induced biological diversity. Trends in Plant Science 11: 71–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhao, HJ, Cui, HR, Xu, XH, Tan, YY, Fu, JJ, Liu, GZ, Poirier, Y and Shu, QY (2013) Characterization of OsMIK in a rice mutant with reduced phytate content reveals an insertion of a rearranged retrotransposon. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 126: 3009–3020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Nawaz and Shu Supplementary Material

Supplementary Material

Download Nawaz and Shu Supplementary Material(File)
File 219.6 KB