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Genetic characterization of sunflower breeding resources from Argentina: assessing diversity in key open-pollinated and composite populations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2013

M. V. Moreno ,
V. Nishinakamasu ,
M. A. Loray ,
D. Alvarez ,
J. Gieco ,
A. Vicario ,
H. E. Hopp ,
R. A. Heinz ,
N. Paniego  and
V. V. Lia
M. V. Moreno
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 5988Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina
V. Nishinakamasu
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n B1686ICG, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
M. A. Loray
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Semillas (INASE), 1095 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
D. Alvarez
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 5988Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina
J. Gieco
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), 5988Manfredi, Córdoba, Argentina
A. Vicario
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional de Semillas (INASE), 1095 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
H. E. Hopp
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n B1686ICG, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
R. A. Heinz
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n B1686ICG, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1033 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
N. Paniego
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n B1686ICG, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1033 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
V. V. Lia*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n B1686ICG, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1033 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
*
* Corresponding author. E-mail: vlia@cnia.inta.gov.ar
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Abstract

Open-pollinated (OPs) and composite populations (CPs) represent a valuable resource for sunflower breeding programmes. However, little is known about the levels and distribution of genetic variation within each of these populations. In this study, quantitative and qualitative traits along with molecular markers were used to evaluate 14 populations from the Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) sunflower germplasm collection. These populations were chosen to represent historically important accessions that still play a central role within the INTA sunflower breeding programme due to their extensive variation in diverse agronomically important traits. Nine quantitative and eight qualitative agro-morphological descriptors were recorded and compared with those of a larger set of accessions representative of the phenotypic diversity of the sunflower collection. Molecular characterization was conducted on a total of 311 individuals using 16 microsatellite markers. Overall, the average gene diversity was 0.56 and the average number of alleles per locus was 6.25. No statistically significant differences in genetic diversity were detected between the OPs and CPs. Global estimates of FST revealed very high levels of differentiation among accessions (FST= 0.413, P< 0.05). Population structure analyses were consistent with the observed levels of differentiation and identified two major groups. The results of this work show that high global diversity is preserved within the accessions analysed here. Additionally, this study provides a set of reliable and discriminant markers for the cost-effective molecular characterization of sunflower accessions, along with the guidelines for the delineation of sampling strategies for OPs and CPs, thus aiding the efficient management and exploitation of sunflower germplasm collections.

Keywords

cultivated sunflower germplasmgenetic diversitymolecular markersSSR
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 11 , Issue 3 , December 2013 , pp. 238 - 249
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2013 

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