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Deployment of either a whole or dissected wild nuclear genome into the wheat gene pool meets the breeding challenges posed by the sustainable farming systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

Ciro De Pace ,
Marina Pasquini ,
Patrizia Vaccino ,
Marco Bizzarri ,
Francesca Nocente ,
Maria Corbellini ,
Maria Eugenia Caceres ,
Pier Giorgio Cionini ,
Doriano Vittori  and
Gyula Vida
Ciro De Pace*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
Marina Pasquini
Affiliation:
Unità di ricerca per la valorizzazione qualitativa dei cereali (CRA-QCE), Roma, Italy
Patrizia Vaccino
Affiliation:
Unità di ricerca per la selezione dei cereali e la valorizzazione delle varietà vegetali (CRA-SCV), S. Angelo Lodigiano, Lodi, Italy
Marco Bizzarri
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
Francesca Nocente
Affiliation:
Unità di ricerca per la valorizzazione qualitativa dei cereali (CRA-QCE), Roma, Italy
Maria Corbellini
Affiliation:
Unità di ricerca per la selezione dei cereali e la valorizzazione delle varietà vegetali (CRA-SCV), S. Angelo Lodigiano, Lodi, Italy
Maria Eugenia Caceres
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Ambientale, Sez. di Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Pier Giorgio Cionini
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Ambientale, Sez. di Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Doriano Vittori
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Agrobiologia e Agrochimica, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
Gyula Vida
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvàsàr, Hungary
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: depace@unitus.it
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Abstract

Deploying whole and dissected nuclear genome of wild Triticeae species in the homoeologous wheat genetic background through inter-specific hybridization and introgression is a lower cost and effective option to prepare wheat germplasm with unexploited genes for disease resistance and enhanced grain yield and quality traits. The whole nuclear genomes of Dasypyrum villosum (Dv) and T. turgidum var durum have been combined, and an homoploid derivative of the original amphiploid displayed typical ‘farro’ spike morphology, tough rachis and the adaptive traits of Dv such as high resistance to diseases (caused by Tilletia tritici, Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Puccinia triticina and P. graminis f. sp. tritici), heading earliness and fortified caryopses (high protein and micronutrient contents). The dissection of the Dv genome by either ‘Triticum aestivum cv Chinese Spring (CS) × hexaploid amphiploid’ or ‘(CS × Dv) × CS’ hybridization and backcrossing provided wheat introgression breeding lines (IBLs) expressing one or more of the Dv adaptive traits. Molecular analyses revealed that either cryptic or Genomic In-situ Hybridization (GISH) detectable Dv chromatin introgression occurred in those IBLs. The IBLs, after 2 years of low-input field tests and genetic analyses in Italy and Hungary, showed simple inheritance, dominance and stability of the adaptive and disease resistance traits.

Keywords

Dasypyrum gene poolgene transferintrogressionwheat germplasmwild plant species
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , July 2011 , pp. 352 - 356
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2011

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