Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-89wxm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-07T11:37:45.272Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Studies on Trypanosoma avium Danilewsky 1885 II. Transmission by Ornithomyia avicularia L

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

J. R. Baker
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

Extract

1. It is shown that Ornithomyia avicularia L. (Diptera, Hippoboscidae) is a vector of Trypanosoma avium in this country.

2. The metacyclic trypanosomes develop in the insect's hind-gut, and infect birds by penetrating the membranes of buccal cavity and/or oesophagus and crop.

3. The opportunity for infection to take place occurs when birds ingest infected insects.

4. The significance of this finding in connexion with other reports of (a) vectors of avian trypanosomes, and (b) trypanosomes transmitted by hippoboscids, is discussed.

5. Attempts to obtain development of T. avium in a few nymphs of Rhodnius prolixus and one adult Culex molestus, failed. Mites from an infected bird were examined for the presence of flagellates, with negative results.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1956

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Aragão, H. de B. (1927). Evolution de l'Haemoproteus columbae et du Trypanosoma hannai dans le Lynchia maura Bigot. C.R. Soc. Biol., Paris, 97, 827–9.Google Scholar
Baker, J. R. (1955). Developmental stages of (a) Haemoproteus and (b) trypanosomes in Ornithomyia. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 49, 11.Google Scholar
Baker, J. R. (1956). Studies on Trypanosoma avium Danilewsky 1885. I. Incidence in some birds of Hertfordshire. Parasitology, 46, 308.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bequaert, J. C. (1953). The Hippoboscidae or louse-flies (Diptera) of mammals and birds. Part I. Structure, physiology and natural history. Ent. amer. 32 (N.S.), 1209 and 33 (N.S.), 211–42.Google Scholar
Danilewsky, B. (1889). La Parasitologie Comparée du Sang. I. Nouvelles Recherches sur lea Parasites du Sang des Oiseaux. Kharkoff.Google Scholar
Duke, H. L. & Robertson, , Muriel, (1912). Observations on fowls and ducks in Uganda with relation to Trypanosoma gallinarum and T. gambiense. Proc. Roy. Soc. B, 85, 378–84.Google Scholar
Edwards, F. W., Oldroyd, H. & Smart, J. (1939). British Bloodsucking Flies. London: British Museum (Natural History).Google Scholar
Grassé, P. P. (1952). Traité de Zoologie, Tome I, Fasc. 1. Paris: Masson et Cie.Google Scholar
Herman, C. M. (1945). Hippoboscid flies as parasites of game animals in California. Calif. Fish Game, 31, 1625.Google Scholar
Hoare, C. A. (1923). An experimental study of the sheep-trypanosome (T. melophagium Flu, 1908), and its transmission by the sheep-ked (Melophagus ovinus L.). Parasitology, 15, 365424.Google Scholar
Macfie, J. W. S. & Thomson, J. G. (1929). A trypanosome of the canary (Serinus canarius Koch). Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 23, 56 and 185–91.Google Scholar
Manwell, R. D. & Johnson, C. M. (1931). A natural trypanosome of the canary. Amer. J. Hyg. 14, 231–4.Google Scholar
Mohamed, A. H. H. (1952). Protozoal blood parasites of Egyptian birds. Ph.D. Thesis in Faculty of Science, London University.Google Scholar
Nöller, W. (1920). Die neuren Ergebnisse der Haemoproteus-Forschung. Zugleich vor-läufige Mitteilung über das Kreuzschnabel-trypanosoma und ¨ber Züchtungsversuche an einigen anderen Trypanosomen. Arch. Protistenk. 41, 149–68.Google Scholar
Novy, F. G., Macneal, W. J. & Torrey, H. N. (1907). The trypanosomes of mosquitoes and other insects. J. Infect. Dis. 4, 223–76.Google Scholar
Schaudinn, F. (1904). Generations- und Wirtswechsel bei Trypanosoma und Spirochaete. (Vorläufige Mitteilung.) Arb. Gesundh Amt., Berl., 20, 387439.Google Scholar
Sergent, Ed. & ÉT. (1904). Evolution des hématozoaires de l'Athene noctua, d'après F. Schaudinn. Recherches expérimentales. C.R. 6ème Congrès International de Zoologie, Berne, pp. 384–8.Google Scholar
Sergent, Ed. & ÉT. (1905). Hémamibes des oiseaux et moustiques. ‘Générations alternantes’ de Schaudinn. C.R. Soc. Biol., Paris, 57, 57–9.Google Scholar
Theiler, A. (1903). A new trypanosome, and the disease caused by it. J. Comp. Path. 16, 193216.Google Scholar
Theodor, O. (1928). On the occurrence of a non-pathogenic trypanosome in the goat and its transmission by Lipoptena caprina Austen (Preliminary note). Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 21, 489–90.Google Scholar
Williamson, K. (1952).* Fleas and flatflies. Bull. Fair Isle Bird Observatory, 7, 45–8. (Cited by Bequaert, J. C. (1953), q.v.)Google Scholar
Woodcock, H. M. (1910). Studies on avian haemoprotozoa. I. On certain parasites of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) and the redpoll (Linota rufescens). Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 55 (N.S.), 641740.Google Scholar
Woodcock, H. M. (1914). Studies on avian haemoprotozoa. III. Observations on the development of Trypanosoma noctuae (of the little owl) in Culex pipiens; with remarks on the other parasites occurring. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 60 (N.S.), 399433.Google Scholar