Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wzw2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-03T20:33:46.680Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Studies on the biology of the life-cycle of Trichuris suis Schrank, 1788

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

R. J. S. Beer
R. J. S. Beer
Affiliation:
A.R.C. Institute for Research on Animal Diseases, Compton, Berkshire
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The biology of the life-cycle of Trichuris suis of the pig is described and discussed together with aspects of the hosi-parasite relationship. Development of the infective L. 1 larval stage within the egg was shown to be influenced by temperature. Following ingestion of infective ova by the pig, all subsequent larval development to the adult stage occurred in the mucosa of the caecum and colon. Eggs hatched in the distal region of the small intestine and throughout the large intestine. Larvae then penetrated the caecum and colonic mucosa via the crypts of Lieberkühn, where they entered the cells lining the crypts. The ensuing histotrophic phase lasted 13 days, during which time a gradual larval migration occurred from the deeper regions of the lamina propria to areas immediately beneath the surface mucosal epithelium. Luminal development was initially seen on day 16 when the posterior extremities of larvae were protruded into the gut lumen; from day 20 the entire posterior body region was exposed, while only the filamentous anterior region of the parasite remained embedded in the mucosal surface. The prepatent period varied from 41 to 47 days. Four moults were observed during development within the host and these occurred on days 10, 16, 20, 32 and 37 (to form the L. 2, L. 3, L. 4 and L. 5 or adult stage respectively). It is suggested that although T. suis may not be an important pathogen in its own right, its activities in the caecal and colonic mucosa may cause sufficient damage to enable secondary pathogenic invaders to become established.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 67 , Issue 3 , December 1973 , pp. 253 - 262
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Alicata, J. E. (1935). Early developmental stages of nematodes occurring in swine. United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin, no. 489, 47–51.Google Scholar
Beck, J. W. & Beverley-Burton, M. (1968). The pathology of Trichuris, Capillaria and Trichinella infections. Helminthological Abstracts 37, 1–26.Google Scholar
Beer, R. J. S. (1972). A rapid technique for the concentration and collection of Helminth eggs from large quantities of faeces. Parasitology 65, 343–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beer, R. J. S. (1973). Morphological descriptions of the egg and larval stages of Trichuris suis Schrank, 1788. Parasitology 67, 263–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beer, R. J. S. & Lean, I. J. (1973). Clinical trichuriasis produced experimentally in growing pigs. I. Pathology of infection. The Veterinary Record 93, 189–94.Google Scholar
Beer, R. J. S. & Rutter, J. M. (1972). Spirochaetal invasion of the colonic mucosa in a syndrome resembling swine dysentery following experimental Trichuris suis infections in weaned pigs. Research in Veterinary Science 13, 593–5.Google Scholar
Beer, R. J. S., Taffs, L. F., Jacobs, D. E., Lean, I. J. & Curran, M. K. (1971). Evaluation of diehlorvos (V3 formulation) against larval and adult Trichuris suis and observations on experimental infection in growing pigs. The Veterinary Record 88, 436–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dalchow, W. (1964). Untersuchungen über die Entwicklung des Peitschenwurmes Trichuris ovis (Abilgaard, 1795). Dissertation, Berlin, 58 pp.Google Scholar
Deo, P. G. (1960). Studies on the biology and life history of Trichuris ovis (Abilgaard) Smith. I. Effect of different environmental conditions on the development of eggs. Indian Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry 30, 139–48.Google Scholar
Elliott, D. C. & Robinson, A. J. (1972). Trichuris infections in pigs: a treatment trial in the field. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 20, 98–101.Google Scholar
Ewing, S. A. & Bull, R. W. (1966). Severe chronic canine diarrhoea associated with Balantidium-Trichuris infection. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 149, 519–20.Google ScholarPubMed
Harris, D. L., Glock, R. D., Christensen, C. R. & Kinyon, J. M. (1972). Swine dysentery. 1. Inoculation of pigs with Treponema hyodysenteriae (new species) and reproduction of the disease. Veterinary Medicine and Small Animal Clinician U.S.A. 67, 61–4.Google Scholar
Hayes, F. A. & Jordan, H. E. (1956). Canine helminthiasis complicated with Balantidium species. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 129, 161.Google Scholar
Henry, V. G. & Conley, R. H. (1970). Some parasites of European wild hogs in the Southern Appalachians. Journal of Wildlife Management 34, 913–17.Google Scholar
Hill, C. H. (1957). The survival of swine whipworm eggs in hog lots. Journal of Parasitology 43, 104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, T. (1970). A morphological and histochemical study of Trichuris suis (Schrank, 1788) with special reference to the host-parasite relationship. Parasitology 61, 357–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jung, R. C. & Beaver, P. C. (1951). Clinical observations on Trichocephalus trichiura (whipworm) infestation in children. Pediatrics 8, 548–57.Google Scholar
Marion, P. (1964). La trichurose du porc. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societé Vétérinaire Pratique de France 48, 392–7.Google Scholar
Miller, M. J. (1939). Trichocephalus and trichocephaliasis. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine and Veterinary Science 3, 282–7.Google Scholar
Miller, M. J. (1947). Studies on the life history of Trichocephalus vulpis, the whipworm of dogs. Canadian Journal of Research, Section D 25, 1–11.Google Scholar
Mioli, M. & Pieracci, F. (1959). Particolare aspetto della Trichurosi in suini, Zooprofilassi 14, 315–23.Google Scholar
Mozgovoi, A. A. (1952). [Experimental clinical study of trichocephaliasis in swine]. Veterinariya U.S.S.R. no. 10, 24–7.Google Scholar
Opitz, H. M. (1963). Untersuchungen über die Entwicklung des Peitschenwurmes des Hundes Trichuris vulpis. Dissertation, Berlin, 41 pp.Google Scholar
Powers, K. G. (1961). Bionomics of the genus Trichuris Roederer, 1761, in sheep. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, U.S.A.Google Scholar
Powers, K. G., Todd, A. C. & McNutt, S. H. (1960). Experimental infections of swine with Trichuris suis. American Journal of Veterinary Research 21, 262–8.Google Scholar
Restani, R. (1969). Indagini orientative sulla distribuzione dei nematodi gastro-intestinali dei suini in Italia. Veterinaria Italiana, Italy 20, 292–303.Google Scholar
Schoneweis, D. A. & Rapp, W. R. (1970). Trichuris suis infection in young pigs. Veterinary Medicine and Small Animal Clinician U.S.A. 65, 63–6.Google Scholar
Shevtsov, I. V. (1962). [The treatment of trichuriasis of pigs]. Veterinariya U.S.S.R. no. 9, 36.Google Scholar
Shlikas, A. V. & Medzyavichus, A. K. (1969). [Studies on the biology of the nematode Trichocephalus muris Schrank, 1788]. Materially Nauchroi Konferentsii Vsesoyuznogo Obschestva Gel'mintologov: Institut Gel'mintologii K. I. Skryabina, Moscow. Part 1, 334–8.Google Scholar
Sysov, I. V. (1967). [Study of trichuriasis of pigs]. Veterinariya U.S.S.R. no. 2, 60–2.Google Scholar
Sysov, I. V. (1968). [Biology of Trichuris suis.] Materially Konferentoii posvyashchennoi pamyati. N. V. Badanina, Tashkat. Publishei: Izdatel'ftvo ‘Fau U.Z.S.S.R.’Google Scholar
Taylor, D. J. (1970). An agent possibly associated with swine dysentery. The Veterinary Record 86, 416.Google Scholar
Taylor, D. J. & Alexander, T. J. L. (1971). The production of dysentery in swine by feeding cultures containing a spirochaete. British Veterinary Journal 127, 53–56.Google Scholar
Thapar, G. S. & Singh, K. S. (1954). Studies on the life history of Trichuris ovis. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Science, Section B 40, 69–88.Google Scholar
Wakelin, D. (1969). The development of the early larval stages of Trichuris muris in the albino laboratory mouse. Journal of Helminthology 43, 427–36.Google Scholar