Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vfjqv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T11:43:56.125Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Proteinases released in vitro by the parasitic stages of Teladorsagia circumcincta, an ovine abomasal nematode

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

C. J. Young ,
J. B. McKeand  and
D. P. Knox
C. J. Young
Affiliation:
Moredun Research Institute, 408 Gilmerton Road, Edinburgh EH17 7JH
J. B. McKeand
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH
D. P. Knox
Affiliation:
Moredun Research Institute, 408 Gilmerton Road, Edinburgh EH17 7JH
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Proteinases released during in vitro maintenance of third (L3) and fourth larval stage (L4) and adult Teladorsagia circumcincta (formerly Ostertagia circumcincta), an ovine abomasal nematode parasite, were characterized on the basis of pH optima, molecular size and specific proteinase inhibitor sensitivity. Enzyme activity was maximal at alkaline pH and stage-specific release was demonstrated. Proteinases released by the adult parasite degraded a variety of protein substrates including plasminogen, albumin and haemoglobin, in a pH-dependent manner. At alkaline pH fibrinogen degradation was restricted to the α and β peptide chains although the γ peptide chain was also degraded at acidic pH. Inhibitor sensitivity studies indicated that degradation was predominantly due to metalloproteinases although aspartyl proteinase activity was indicated at acidic pH.

Keywords

secreted proteinasesnematodesTeladorsagia circumcincta
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 110 , Issue 4 , May 1995 , pp. 465 - 471
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Beynon, R. J. & Salvesen, G. (1989). Commercially available proteinase inhibitors. In Proteolytic Enzymes; a Practical Approach (ed. Beynon, R. J. & Bond, J. S.), p. 241. Oxford: IRL Press.Google Scholar
Britton, C., Knox, D. P., Canto, G. J., Urquhart, G. M. & Kennedy, M. W. (1992). The secreted and somatic proteinases of the bovine lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus and their inhibition by antibody from infected and vaccinated animals. Parasitology 105, 325–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brophy, P. M. & Pritchard, D. I. (1992). Immunity to helminths: ready to tip the biochemical balance? Parasitology Today 8, 419–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chapman, C. B. & Mitchell, G. F. (1982). Proteolytic cleavage of immunoglobulin by enzymes released by Fasciola hepatica. Veterinary Parasitology 11, 165–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Cock, H., Knox, D. P., Claerebout, E. & De Graff, D. C. (1993). Partial characterisation of proteolytic enzymes in different developmental stages of Ostertagia ostertagi. Journal of Helminthology 67, 271–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Healer, J., Ashall, F. & Maizels, R. M. (1991). Characterisation of proteolytic enzymes from larval and adult Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Parasitology 103, 305–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hotez, P. J., Trang, N., McKerrow, J. H. & Cerami, A. (1985). Isolation and characterisation of a proteolytic enzyme from the adult hookworm Ancylostoma caninum. Journal of Biological Chemistry 260, 7343–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howell, R. M. (1966). Collagenase activity of immature Fasciola hepatica. Nature 209, 713–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knox, D. P. & Jones, D. J. (1990). Studies on the presence and release of proteolytic enzymes (proteinases) in gastro-intestinal nematodes of ruminants. International Journal for Parasitology 20, 243–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knox, D. P. & Kennedy, M. W. (1988). Proteinases released by the parasitic larval stages of Ascaris suum and their inhibition by antibody. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 28, 207–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knox, D. P., Redmond, D. L. & Jones, D. G. (1993). Characterisation of proteinases in extracts of adult Haemonchus contortus, the ovine abomasal nematode. Parasitology 106, 395–404.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knox, D. P. & Schallig, H. (1994). Characterisation of the secreted proteinases of adult Haemonchus contortus, the ovine abomasal nematode. British Society of Parasitology, Spring Meeting, Abstract p. 86.Google Scholar
Laemmli, U. K. (1970). Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature, London 227, 681–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leid, R. W., Suquet, C. M. & Tanigoshi, L. (1987). Parasite defence mechanisms for the evasion of host immune responses. Veterinary Parasitology 25, 147–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maki, J. & Yanagisawa, T. (1986). Demonstration of carboxyl and thiol protease activities in adult Schistosoma mansoni, Dirofilaria immitis, Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Ascaris suum. Journal of Helminthology 60, 31–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matthews, B. E. (1977). The passage of larval helminths through tissue barriers. In Parasite Invasion (ed. Taylor, A. E. R. & Muller, R.), pp. 93–119. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Matthews, B. E. (1984). The source, release and specificity of proteolytic enzyme activity produced by Anisakis simplex larvae (Nematoda: Ascaridida) in vitro. Journal of Helminthology 58, 175–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKerrow, J. H. & Doenhoeff, M. J. (1988). Schistosome proteinases. Parasitology Today 4, 334–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, B. D., Bianco, A. E., McKerrow, J. H. & Maizels, R. M. (1989). Toxocara canis: proteolytic enzymes secreted by infective larvae in vitro. Experimental Parasitology 69, 30–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, A. M., Dowd, A. J., McGonigle, S., Keegan, P. S., Brennan, G., Trudgett, A. & Dalton, J. P. (1993). Purification of a Cathepsin L-like proteinase secreted by adult Fasciola hepatica. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 62, 1–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, W. D. (1988). Mechanisms of immunity to gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. In Increasing Small Ruminant Productivity in Semi-arid Areas (ed. Thomson, E. F. & Thomson, F. S.), pp. 275–285. Netherlands: ICARDA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, R. J. & Waller, P. J. (1975). Significance of serum pepsinogen and abomasal pH levels in a field infection of Ostertagia circumcincta in lambs. Veterinary Record 97, 468–71.Google Scholar
Thorson, R. E. (1956). Proteolytic activity in extracts of the oesophagus of Ancylostoma caninum and the effect of immune sera on the activity. Journal of Parasitology 42, 21–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar