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Monitoring Theileria parva infection in adult Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

A. D. Irvin ,
C. D. H. Boarer ,
D. A. E. Dobbelaere ,
S. M. Mahan ,
R. Masake  and
J. G. R. Ocama
A. D. Irvin
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
C. D. H. Boarer
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
D. A. E. Dobbelaere
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
S. M. Mahan
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
R. Masake
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
J. G. R. Ocama
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
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Summary

A rapid method is described for preparing and staining salivary glands of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks infected with Theileria parva. The technique, involving the use of a modified methyl green pyronin stain, minimizes the risk of losing material and allows examination of stained glands within minutes of preparation. The technique was applied in a series of studies in which ticks were either infected with T. parva under different conditions, or maturation of parasites in adult ticks was stimulated by different means. When nymphal ticks were fed on the ears of cattle the subsequent infection rate of the adult ticks showed no correlation with the parasitaemia of the cattle at the time of nymphal engorgement. There was no difference in infection rates between adult ticks in which parasite maturation had been stimulated either by incubation at 37 °C or by feeding on rabbits. However, parasite maturation took about 1 day longer in incubated ticks than in rabbit-fed ticks. Female ticks were consistently more highly infected than males, both in terms of the percentage of ticks infected and the mean number of infected acini/tick. Ticks were infected with T. parva by injection of nymphs with parasitaemic bovine blood, but the resultant adult infection was lower than that in ticks which had been infected naturally by feeding on cattle.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 82 , Issue 1 , February 1981 , pp. 137 - 147
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1981

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