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The influence of host blood on infection rates in Glossina morsitans sspp. infected with Trypanosoma congolense, T. brucei and T. simiae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

S. Mihok ,
R. O. Olubayo ,
N. Darji  and
E. Zweygarth
S. Mihok
Affiliation:
Tsetse Research Programme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
R. O. Olubayo
Affiliation:
Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, National Veterinary Research Centre, P.O. Kabete, Nairobi, Kenya
N. Darji
Affiliation:
Tsetse Research Programme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
E. Zweygarth
Affiliation:
Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute, Kikuyu, Kenya
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Summary

Trypanosoma congolense, T. brucei and T. simiae isolated from wild-caught Glossina pallidipes were fed to laboratory-reared G. morsitans centralis and G. m. morsitans to determine the effect of host blood at the time of the infective feed on infection rates. Bloodstream forms of trypanosomes were membrane-fed to flies either neat, or mixed with blood from cows, goats, pigs, buffalo, eland, waterbuck and oryx. The use of different bloods for the infective feed resulted in differences in infection rates that were repeatable for both tsetse subspecies and most parasite stocks. Goat, and to a lesser extent, pig blood facilitated infection, producing high infection rates at low parasitaemias. Blood from cows and the wildlife species produced low infection rates, with eland blood producing the lowest. Addition of D(+)-glucosamine (an inhibitor of tsetse midgut lectin) increased infection rates in most cases. These results indicate the presence of species-specific factors in blood that affect trypanosome survival in tsetse. In certain hosts, factors actually appear to promote infection. The nature of these factors and how they might interact with midgut lectins and proteases are discussed.

Keywords

D(+)-glucosamine2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucoseproteasetrypsinmidgut lectininfectivityvectorial capacitytsetse fly
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 107 , Issue 1 , July 1993 , pp. 41 - 48
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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