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Host-cell apoptosis in Taenia solium-induced brain granulomas in naturally infected pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2008

C. S. SIKASUNGE ,
I. K. PHIRI ,
M. V. JOHANSEN ,
A. L. WILLINGHAM III  and
P. S. LEIFSSON
C. S. SIKASUNGE
Affiliation:
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
I. K. PHIRI
Affiliation:
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
M. V. JOHANSEN*
Affiliation:
DBL – Centre for Health Research and Development, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
A. L. WILLINGHAM III
Affiliation:
WHO/FAO Collaborating Centre for Parasitic Zoonoses, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
P. S. LEIFSSON
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 3, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
*
*Corresponding author: DBL – Centre for Health Research and Development, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel. +45 35 33 14 38. Fax: +45 35 33 14 33. E-mail: mvj@life.ku.dk
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Summary

To assess whether apoptosis occurs in pig brain granulomas due to Taenia solium cysticerci, brain tissues from 30 pigs naturally infected with T. solium cysticercosis were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-end labelling (TUNEL) staining. In addition, tissues were stained with CD3 marker to identify T lymphocytes. Examination of TUNEL-stained tissues showed apoptotic cells in early lesions that contained viable cysticerci. Apoptotic cells were primarily found interspersed with normal cell types, and were mostly located in the inflammatory infiltrate. Late or advanced granulomas with disintegrated scolices did not show TUNEL-positive cells. CD3+ cells were found in both early and advanced lesions and apoptosis mainly co-localized with CD3+ T lymphocytes. This suggests that these cells are constantly undergoing apoptosis and thus die as soon as they arrive at the site of infection. Apoptosis indeed may be one way by which T. solium cysticerci down-regulate the host's cellular immune response in early cysticercosis. Therefore, further research is needed to establish if other cells besides T-lymphocytes are also a target for destruction by cysticerci in early cysticercosis as well as studies to assess if cysteine protease is expressed by viable cysticerci in situ.

Keywords

Taenia soliumcysticercusapoptosisTUNEL stainingCD3 lymphocytesgranulomapig
Type
Original Articles
Information
Parasitology , Volume 135 , Issue 10 , September 2008 , pp. 1237 - 1242
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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