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Heritability and short-term effects of inbreeding in the progenetic trematode Coitocaecum parvum: is there a need for the definitive host?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 December 2008

C. LAGRUE  and
R. POULIN
C. LAGRUE*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin9054, New Zealand
R. POULIN
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin9054, New Zealand
*
*Corresponding author: Tel: +64 3 479 7964. Fax: +64 3 479 7584. E-mail: lagcl981@student.otago.ac.nz
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Summary

Self-fertilization (or selfing), defined as the fusion of male and female reproductive cells originating from the same individual, is the most extreme case of inbreeding. Although most hermaphroditic organisms are in principle able to self-fertilize, this reproductive strategy is commonly associated with a major disadvantage: inbreeding depression. Deleterious effects due to the loss of genetic diversity have been documented in numerous organisms including parasites. Here we studied the effects of inbreeding depression on the offspring of the progenetic trematode Coitocaecum parvum. The parasite can use 2 alternative life-history strategies: either it matures early, via progenesis, and produces eggs by selfing in its second intermediate host, or it waits and reproduces by out-crossing in its definitive host. We measured various key parameters of parasite fitness (i.e. hatching and multiplication rates, infectivity, survival) in offspring produced by both selfing and out-crossing. Altogether, we found no significant difference in the fitness of offspring from progenetic (selfing) and adult (out-crossing) parents. In addition, we found no evidence that either strategy (progenesis or the normal three-host cycle) is heritable, i.e. the strategy adopted by offspring is independent of that used by their parents. Although it is unclear why both reproductive strategies are maintained in C. parvum populations, our conclusion is that producing eggs by selfing has few, if any, negative effects on parasite offspring. Inbreeding depression is unlikely to be a factor acting on the maintenance of the normal three-host life cycle, and thus out-crossing, in C. parvum populations.

Keywords

Coitocaecum parvuminbreeding depressionprogenesisselfingout-crossingabbreviated life cycle
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Issue 2 , February 2009 , pp. 231 - 240
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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