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Experimental infection of two South American reservoirs with four distinct strains of Trypanosoma cruzi

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

DAWN M. ROELLIG ,
KATHERINE McMILLAN ,
ANGELA E. ELLIS ,
JOHN L. VANDEBERG ,
DONALD E. CHAMPAGNE  and
MICHAEL J. YABSLEY
DAWN M. ROELLIG*
Affiliation:
Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
KATHERINE McMILLAN
Affiliation:
Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
ANGELA E. ELLIS
Affiliation:
Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
JOHN L. VANDEBERG
Affiliation:
Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research and Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX78245, USA
DONALD E. CHAMPAGNE
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Center for Tropical Emerging and Global Diseases, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
MICHAEL J. YABSLEY
Affiliation:
Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA D. B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
*
*Corresponding author: 589 D.W. Brooks Drive, Wildlife Health Building, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia30602, USA. E-mail: droellig@uga.edu
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Summary

Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc), the causative agent of Chagas disease, is a diverse species with 2 primary genotypes, TcI and TcII, with TcII further subdivided into 5 subtypes (IIa–e). This study evaluated infection dynamics of 4 genetically and geographically diverse T. cruzi strains in 2 South American reservoirs, degus (Octodon degus) and grey short-tailed opossums (Monodelphis domestica). Based on prior suggestions of a genotype-host association, we hypothesized that degus (placental) would more readily become infected with TcII strains while short-tailed opossums (marsupial) would be a more competent reservoir for a TcI strain. Individuals (n=3) of each species were intraperitoneally inoculated with T. cruzi trypomastigotes of TcIIa [North America (NA)-raccoon (Procyon lotor) origin], TcI [NA-Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana)], TcIIb [South America (SA)-human], TcIIe (SA-Triatoma infestans), or both TcI and TcIIa. Parasitaemias in experimentally infected degus peaked earlier (7–14 days post-inoculation (p.i.)) compared with short-tailed opossums (21–84 days p.i.). Additionally, peak parasitaemias were higher in degus; however, the duration of detectable parasitaemias for all strains, except TcIIa, was greater in short-tailed opossums. Infections established in both host species with all genotypes, except for TcIIa, which did not establish a detectable infection in short-tailed opossums. These results indicate that both South American reservoirs support infections with these isolates from North and South America; however, infection dynamics differed with host and parasite strain.

Keywords

Trypanosoma cruziexperimental infectionreservoir hostinfection dynamicsdegugrey short-tailed opossumtrypanosome
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 137 , Issue 6 , May 2010 , pp. 959 - 966
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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