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Efficacy of flukicides on Fasciola gigantica, a food-borne zoonotic helminth affecting livestock in Bangladesh

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2022

Mohammad Manjurul Hasan ,
Babul Chandra Roy ,
Hiranmoy Biswas ,
Moizur Rahman ,
Anisuzzaman Anisuzzaman Open the ORCID record for Anisuzzaman Anisuzzaman [Opens in a new window] ,
Mohammad Zahangir Alam Open the ORCID record for Mohammad Zahangir Alam [Opens in a new window]  and
Md. Hasanuzzaman Talukder Open the ORCID record for Md. Hasanuzzaman Talukder [Opens in a new window]
Mohammad Manjurul Hasan*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Babul Chandra Roy
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
Hiranmoy Biswas
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Moizur Rahman
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
Anisuzzaman Anisuzzaman
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
Mohammad Zahangir Alam
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
Md. Hasanuzzaman Talukder*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
*
Author for correspondence: Md. Hasanuzzaman Talukder, E-mail: talukdermhasan@bau.edu.bd
Author for correspondence: Md. Hasanuzzaman Talukder, E-mail: talukdermhasan@bau.edu.bd
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Abstract

Fasciola gigantica, the causative agent of tropical fasciolosis, is a food-borne zoonotic trematode that affects around 80% livestock of Bangladesh. Triclabendazole (TCBZ), nitroxynil (NTON) and oxyclozanide (OCZN) are frequently used against fascioliasis; however, the current status of potency of these flukicides was unknown. In this study, in vitro efficacy of TCBZ, NTON and OCZN at various concentrations on F. gigantica has been evaluated by relative motility (RM), morphological distortions of apical cone through an inverted microscope, architectural and ultra-structural changes through histopathological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is observed that TCBZ, NTON and OCZN at higher concentrations significantly (P < 0.05) reduced RM of the flukes compared to untreated control. NTON at 150 μg mL−1 was the most potent to reduce the motility within 4 h whereas TCBZ and OCZN were much delayed. Histopathological changes showed swollen, extensive cracking, numerous vacuoles and splitting of the tegument surrounding the spines; spine dislodged from its socket in treated flukes compared to untreated worms. Histopathological changes were more conspicuous at higher doses of TCBZ, NTON and OCZN. SEM has shown the disruption of the apical cone, apart from swelling of the tegument on the ventral surface corrugation and disruption of the ventral apical cone. All these changes indicate that NTON is the most potent in killing flukes in vitro among the tested flukicides and suggest the presence of TCBZ-resistant fluke populations in Bangladesh. It is imperative to explore the in vivo effects of these flukicides and subsequently their molecular mechanisms.

Keywords

BangladeshFasciola giganticaflukicidesfood-borne trematodein vitroscanning electron microscopy
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 149 , Special Issue 10: Foodborne Trematodes – time to rise from neglected status , September 2022 , pp. 1339 - 1348
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Copyright
Copyright © Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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