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Chemical characterization and in vitro biological activity of Cymbopogon citratus extracts against Haemonchus spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. nematodes from sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2020

Letícia Oliveira da Rocha ,
Gloria Cristina da Silva Lemos ,
Ivo José Curcino Vieira ,
Raimundo Braz-Filho ,
Silvério de Paiva Freitas ,
Leonardo Siqueira Glória  and
Clóvis de Paula Santos Open the ORCID record for Clóvis de Paula Santos [Opens in a new window]
Letícia Oliveira da Rocha
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ28013-602, Brazil
Gloria Cristina da Silva Lemos
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Fitotecnia, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas e Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
Ivo José Curcino Vieira
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
Raimundo Braz-Filho
Affiliation:
Pesquisador Emérito-FAPERJ, DQO-IQ – Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)/LCQUI – CCT – Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) Rodovia BR 465, Km 07, s/n Zona Rural, Seropédica - RJ, 23890-000 Brazil e Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
Silvério de Paiva Freitas
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Fitotecnia, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas e Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
Leonardo Siqueira Glória
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas e Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
Clóvis de Paula Santos*
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ28013-602, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Clóvis de Paula Santos, E-mails: cps@uenf.br, leticiarocha2004@gmail.com
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Abstract

Medicinal plants have been the focus of several studies due to their nematicide properties which can be used to control nematodes in sheep. No study has examined the morphological effects of Cymbopogon citratus on nematodes. Thus, this study evaluated the chemical composition, nematicidal activity and effects of C. citratus extracts on the morphology of eggs and infective larvae (L3) of sheep. Aqueous and methanolic extracts and fractions of C. citratus were obtained and analysed in vitro. The C. citratus extracts were effective against Haemonchus spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. larvae and eggs. Ten fractions were obtained from C. citratus, six of which had high ovicidal activity at 1000 μg mL−1, and two fractions had high activity at all tested concentrations. The phytochemical analysis identified the presence of compounds such as terpenoids, various ketones, esters, and fatty acids. The ultrastructural analysis showed deformations of the cuticle and wilting along the body of the nematodes at all concentrations. The muscular layer, intestinal cells and the mitochondria profile showed damage compared to the typical pattern. Ultra-thin sections of eggs treated with methanolic fractions of C. citratus presented modifications. This study showed the biological activity and effects of C. citratus on the gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep.

Keywords

Cymbopogon citratusgastrointestinal nematodessheepsmall ruminants
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 147 , Issue 13 , November 2020 , pp. 1559 - 1568
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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