Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vfjqv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T12:39:46.071Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Antigenic relatedness of stocks and clones of Trypanosoma vivax from East and West Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

G. J. Vos  and
P. R. Gardiner
G. J. Vos
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
P. R. Gardiner
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The antigenic relationships of 7 stocks and 7 clones of Trypanosoma vivax from East and West Africa were compared by immune lysis. Sera from goats infected with different stocks and clones of T. vivax, collected on days 40 and 80 after infection, were used in the immune lysis test with homologous and heterologous stocks and clones of trypanosomes. Sera from infected cattle were included to compare stocks and clones from Kenya. The parasites that were used as antigen in the immune lysis tests were collected from infected mice when variable antigen type (VAT) homogeneous populations were used, from goats for infection with stocks and clones from Nigeria, The Gambia and Uganda, and from cattle for Kenyan stocks. Reciprocal cross-reactivity between sera and parasites was found between all the stocks and clones from Nigeria and The Gambia with the exception of one clone from Nigeria that was not recognized by antisera to a clone from The Gambia. There was also cross-reactivity between a stock and clone from Uganda and stocks and clones from Nigeria and The Gambia. Sera from goats infected with stocks and clones from Nigeria, The Gambia and Uganda recognized parasite populations that were homogeneous for one VAT (ILDat 1.2) of the rodent infective stock from Nigeria. Some antisera to West African stocks recognized another stable variant from a Ugandan stock adapted to rodents (ILDat 2.1), indicating that these VATs were expressed in the repertoires of the heterologous stocks. There was no cross-reaction between stocks from Nigeria, The Gambia or Uganda with Kenyan stocks. A stock from Galana (Kenya) and Bamburi (Kenya) showed reciprocal cross-reactivity. Two other Kenyan stocks, from Kilifi and Likoni, also showed cross-reactivity by immune lysis but showed no antigenic relationship with the other Kenyan stocks.

Keywords

Trypanosoma vivaxstocksclonesantigenic relationshipscross-reactivity
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 100 , Issue 1 , February 1990 , pp. 101 - 106
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akol, G. W. O. & Murray, M. (1983). Trypanosoma congolense: susceptibility of cattle to cyclical challenge. Experimental Parasitology 55, 386–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Assoku, R. K. G. & Gardiner, P. R. (1989). Detection of antibodies to platelets and erythrocytes during infection with haemorrhage-causing Trypanosoma vivax in Ayrshire cattle. Veterinary Parasitology 31, 199–216.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barbet, A. F. & Mcguire, T. C. (1978). Crossreacting determinants in variant-specific surface antigens of African trypanosomes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 75, 1989–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barry, J. D. (1986). Antigenic variation during Trypanosoma vivax infections of different host species. Parasitology 92, 51–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barry, J. D. & Gathuo, H. (1984). Antigenic variation in Trypanosoma vivax: isolation of a serodeme. Parasitology 89, 49–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dar, F. K., Paris, J. & Wilson, A. J. (1973). Serological studies on trypanosomiasis in East Africa. IV. Comparison of antigenic types of Trypanosoma vivax group organisms. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 67, 237–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Gee, A. L. W., Shah, S. D. & Doyle, J. J. (1980). An attempt to immunize against Trypanosoma vivax by cyclical infection followed by treatment. In Host—Parasite Relationships in Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax with Special Reference to the Influence of Antigenic Variation, pp. 113–136. Ph.D. thesis, Utrecht, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Emery, D. L., Moloo, S. K. & Murray, M. (1987). Failure of Trypanosoma vivax to generate protective immunity in goats against transmissions by Glossina morsitans morsitans. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 81, 611.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gardiner, P. R., Assoku, R. K. G., Whitelaw, D. D. & Murray, M. (1989). Haemorrhagic lesions resulting from Trypanosoma vivax infections in Ayrshire cattle. Veterinary Parasitology 31, 187–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gardiner, P. R. & Clarke, M. W. (1987). Two variable surface glycoproteins from different Trypanosoma vivax serodemes infective for rodents. In Programme and Abstracts of the 12th Conference of World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology. Abstract number 1C-5, p. 15. The Canadian association for the advancement of veterinary parasitology, Quebec, Canada.Google Scholar
Gardiner, P. R., Thatthi, R. & King, R. C.. (1988). Serum from the cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) lacks activity against some Trypanosoma vivax stocks. Acta Tropica 45, 187–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Gathuo, H. K. W., Nantulya, V. M. & Gardiner, P. R. (1987). Trypanosoma vivax: adaptation of two East African stocks to laboratory rodents. Journal of Protozoology 34, 48–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gray, A. R. & Luckins, A. G. (1976). Antigenic variation in salivarian trypanosomes. In Biology of the Kinetoplastida (ed. Lumsden, W. H. R. & Evans, D. A.) pp. 493–542. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Leeflang, P., Buys, J. & Blotkamp, C.. (1976). Studies on Trypanosoma vivax: Infectivity and serial maintenance of natural bovine isolates in mice. International Journal for Parasitology 6, 413–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murray, A. K. & Clarkson, M. J. (1982). Characterization of stocks of Trypanosoma vivax II. Immunological studies. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 76, 283–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nantulya, V. M., Musoke, A. J. & Moloo, S. K. (1986). Apparent exhaustion of Trypanosoma viax in infected cattle. Infection and Immunity 54, 444–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schonefeld, A. R., Rottcher, D. & Moloo, S. K. (1987). The sensitivity to trypanocidal drugs of Trypanosoma vivax isolated in Kenya and Somalia. Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 38, 177–80.Google ScholarPubMed
Van Meirvenne, N., Magnus, E. & Vervoort, T. (1977). Comparison of variable antigenic types produced by trypanosome strains of the subgenus Trypanozoon. Annales de Ia Société beIge Medicales et Tropicales 57, 409–23.Google ScholarPubMed
Vervoort, T., Barbet, A. F., Musoke, A. J., Magnus, E., Mpimbaza, G. & Van Meirvenne, N. (1981). Isotypic surface glycoproteins of trypanosomes. Immunology 44, 223–32.Google ScholarPubMed
Vos, G. J., Moloo, S. K. & Gardiner, P. R. (1988). Susceptibility of goats to tsetse-transmitted challenge with Trypanosoma vivax from East and West Africa. Parasitology 96, 25–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed