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Observations on worm population dynamics in calves naturally infected with Schistosoma mattheei

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

J. De Bont ,
J. Vercruysse ,
F. Sabbe  and
M. T. Ysebaert
J. De Bont
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Studies, Samora Machel School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
J. Vercruysse
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gent, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
F. Sabbe
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Studies, Samora Machel School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
M. T. Ysebaert
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gent, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Summary

The evolution of faecal egg output, worm burdens and tissue egg counts in young calves was monitored during the first year of natural exposure to Schistosoma mattheei infection on a Zambian farm. According to the duration of their stay on the farm, these calves were classified into 2 groups of 14 temporary tracers (TT calves) which were introduced on a 2-monthly basis for residential periods of 2 months, and 12 permanent tracers (PT calves) introduced either at the beginning of the experiment (Group A) or 2 months later (Group B) and gradually removed after residential periods of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months on the farm. Worm counts in the TT calves showed that infection occurred throughout the year on the farm and that levels of infection acquired during each period of 8 weeks correlated well with the respective infected snail densities observed at the main transmission site. Marked differences in worm population dynamics were recorded between the 2 groups of PT calves. In Group B animals which apparently were initially exposed to heavy transmission, according to the results from TT calves, much higher worm counts and greater susceptibility to reinfection were observed than in Group A animals initially exposed to lighter exposure. These results suggest that the development of resistance to natural infection with S. mattheei may depend on the initial exposure to the parasite. Low initial exposures may lead to resistance whereas high initial exposures may result in decreased immune responses resulting in susceptibility to infection.

Keywords

Schistosoma mattheeiimmunitycattle
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 111 , Issue 4 , November 1995 , pp. 485 - 491
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

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