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Development and complications of nutritional deficiencies after bariatric surgery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 November 2022

Nele Steenackers Open the ORCID record for Nele Steenackers [Opens in a new window] ,
Bart Van der Schueren ,
Patrick Augustijns ,
Tim Vanuytsel  and
Christophe Matthys
Nele Steenackers
Affiliation:
Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Bart Van der Schueren
Affiliation:
Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Patrick Augustijns
Affiliation:
Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Tim Vanuytsel
Affiliation:
Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Christophe Matthys*
Affiliation:
Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
*
*Corresponding author: Christophe Matthys, email: Christophe.matthys@kuleuven.be
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Abstract

The clinical effectiveness of bariatric surgery has encouraged the use of bariatric procedures for the treatment of morbid obesity and its comorbidities, with sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass being the most common procedures. Notwithstanding its success, bariatric procedures are recognised to predispose the development of nutritional deficiencies. A framework is proposed that provides clarity regarding the immediate role of diet, the gastrointestinal tract and the medical state of the patient in the development of nutritional deficiencies after bariatric surgery, while highlighting different enabling resources that may contribute. Untreated, these nutritional deficiencies can progress in the short term into haematological, muscular and neurological complications and in the long term into skeletal complications. In this review, we explore the development of nutritional deficiencies after bariatric surgery through a newly developed conceptual framework. An in-depth understanding will enable the optimisation of the post-operative follow-up, including detecting clinical signs of complications, screening for laboratory abnormalities and treating nutritional deficiencies.

Keywords

ObesityBariatric surgeryNutritional deficienciesComplications
Type
Review Article
Information
Nutrition Research Reviews , Volume 36 , Issue 2 , December 2023 , pp. 512 - 525
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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