Let
$k$
be a field, and let
${\mathcal{C}}$
be a
$k$
-linear, Hom-finite triangulated category with split idempotents. In this paper, we show that under suitable circumstances, the Grothendieck group of
${\mathcal{C}}$
, denoted by
$K_{0}({\mathcal{C}})$
, can be expressed as a quotient of the split Grothendieck group of a higher cluster tilting subcategory of
${\mathcal{C}}$
. The results we prove are higher versions of results on Grothendieck groups of triangulated categories by Xiao and Zhu and by Palu. Assume that
$n\geqslant 2$
is an integer;
${\mathcal{C}}$
has a Serre functor
$\mathbb{S}$
and an
$n$
-cluster tilting subcategory
${\mathcal{T}}$
such that
$\operatorname{Ind}{\mathcal{T}}$
is locally bounded. Then, for every indecomposable
$M$
in
${\mathcal{T}}$
, there is an Auslander–Reiten
$(n+2)$
-angle in
${\mathcal{T}}$
of the form
$\mathbb{S}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}^{-n}(M)\rightarrow T_{n-1}\rightarrow \cdots \rightarrow T_{0}\rightarrow M$
and
$$\begin{eqnarray}K_{0}({\mathcal{C}})\cong K_{0}^{\text{sp}}({\mathcal{T}})\left/\left\langle -[M]+(-1)^{n}[\mathbb{S}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}^{-n}(M)]+\left.\mathop{\sum }_{i=0}^{n-1}(-1)^{i}[T_{i}]\right|M\in \operatorname{Ind}{\mathcal{T}}\right\rangle .\right.\end{eqnarray}$$
Assume now that
$d$
is a positive integer and
${\mathcal{C}}$
has a
$d$
-cluster tilting subcategory
${\mathcal{S}}$
closed under
$d$
-suspension. Then,
${\mathcal{S}}$
is a so-called
$(d+2)$
-angulated category whose Grothendieck group
$K_{0}({\mathcal{S}})$
can be defined as a certain quotient of
$K_{0}^{\text{sp}}({\mathcal{S}})$
. We will show
$$\begin{eqnarray}K_{0}({\mathcal{C}})\cong K_{0}({\mathcal{S}}).\end{eqnarray}$$
Moreover, assume that
$n=2d$
, that all the above assumptions hold, and that
${\mathcal{T}}\subseteq {\mathcal{S}}$
. Then our results can be combined to express
$K_{0}({\mathcal{S}})$
as a quotient of
$K_{0}^{\text{sp}}({\mathcal{T}})$
.