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Molecular phylogeny resolves a taxonomic misunderstanding and places Geisleria close to Absconditella s. str. (Ostropales: Stictidaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2014

André APTROOT ,
Sittiporn PARNMEN ,
Robert LÜCKING ,
Elisabeth BALOCH ,
Patricia JUNGBLUTH ,
Marcela E. S. CÁCERES  and
H. Thorsten LUMBSCH
André APTROOT
Affiliation:
ABL Herbarium, Gerrit van der Veenstraat 107, NL-3762 XK Soest, The Netherlands. Email: andreaptroot@gmail.com
Sittiporn PARNMEN
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA
Robert LÜCKING
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA
Elisabeth BALOCH
Affiliation:
Department of Cryptogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden; and Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, UK
Patricia JUNGBLUTH
Affiliation:
Departamento de Botânica, IBB, UNESP. Caixa Postal 510, CEP 18618-970, Distrito de Rubião Jr., Botucatu - SP, Brazil
Marcela E. S. CÁCERES
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, CEP: 49.500-000, Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil
H. Thorsten LUMBSCH
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA
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Abstract

The phylogenetic position of the genus Geisleria and its type species G. sychnogonioides was reconstructed using sequence data of the mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU), the nuclear large subunit rDNA (nuLSU) and the first subunit of the RNA polymerase (RPB1). The species, previously classified in Verrucariaceae (Eurotiomycetes) and Strigulaceae (Dothideomycetes), is sister to the type of the genus Absconditella, A. sphagnorum, and nested within the genera Absconditella and Cryptodiscus combined (which also includes the lichenized Bryophagus). At first glance it appears to be a further example of parallel evolution of perithecioid ascomata within Stictidaceae (Lecanoromycetes: Ostropales), besides Ostropa and Robergea, adding to the growing list of perithecioid forms nested within apothecioid lineages in Ostropomycetidae, and specifically Ostropales, with other examples known from Graphidaceae (several genera), Gyalectaceae (Belonia), and Porinaceae. However, revision of type material collected by Nitschke revealed that the species actually develops typical apothecia with a narrowly exposed disc. We conclude that Geisleria sychnogonoides was erroneously considered a pyrenocarpous taxon, because in dry conditions the apothecia are closed and not recognizable as such. The species usually grows on unstable soil and therefore often only develops young, more or less closed ascomata (yet with mature ascospores), and has also been confused with the superficially similar Belonia incarnata, in which the ascomata remain closed even when mature. Geisleriasychnogonioides has so far only been known as a rarely reported pioneer species from loamy soils in Europe and North America. Here it is reported to occur abundantly on lateritic soils in subtropical Brazil, suggesting that it is cosmopolitan and possibly common, but much overlooked.

Keywords

crustoselichenperitheciasystematicstaxonomytropical
Type
Articles
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 46 , Issue 1 , January 2014 , pp. 115 - 128
Copyright
Copyright © British Lichen Society 2014 

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