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Pottery Production and Microcosmic Organization: The Residential Structure of la Quemada, Zacatecas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

E. Christian Wells
E. Christian Wells*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-2402
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Abstract

Incised-engraved pottery and clays from the Malpaso Valley region of northwest Mexico are chemically characterized to investigate the nature of residential organization of the capital settlement, La Quemada, during the Epiclassic period, ca. A.D. 600-900. Scanning-electron microprobe analysis of 115 pottery and 10 clay samples from settlements in the valley, and from middens associated with the civic-ceremonial core of La Quemada and flanking residential terraces, identifies locations of pottery production and indicates patterns of pottery circulation. The distribution of pottery at La Quemada, manufactured in specific outlying settlements, suggests that the social composition of the polity was reproduced in microcosm at the site, and that activities in civic-ceremonial zones involved a greater degree of separation among social groups than those in flanking residential areas.

Resumen

Resumen

El sitio La Quemada, ubicada en el Valle de Malpaso en el sur del estado de Zacatecas, era uno de los centros prehispánicos principales en el noroeste de México. Se ha sugerido que La Quemada, así como otros centros regionales, manifeste impactos significantes de los cambios políticos y económicos en el noroeste de México, durante el período epiclásico, c. 600 d.C.-900 d.C. Además de la prominencia de La Quemada en las explicaciones de los cambios sociopolíticos regionales, poco ha sido hecho para examinar la organización interna del sitio y las maneras en que sus residentes articularon con poblaciones locales. Así como otros centros epiclásicos en la región, duró La Quemada solamente por pocos siglos, en un contexto de las condiciones sociales dinámicas que posiblemente incluyeron las migraciones de grupos mesoamericanos desplazados por la disolución del estado de Teotihuacán en el centro de México. Un posible resultado de estos movimientos de la población es que formó La Quemada como una aglomeración residencial, o “microcosmo,” que abarcó una diversidad de segmentos sociales distintos, un proceso quizás similar a la creación de algunos sitios posclásicos maya, como por ejemplo, Mayapán y Utatlán, descritos en la literatura etnohistórica. En el presente trabajo, el análisis químico de la cerámica del tipo inciso-esgrafiado y de las arcillas del Valle de Malpaso permite delinear la forma de organización residencial de la capital regional, La Quemada, durante el período epiclásico. El análisis del microsondeo de electrones de 115 tiestos y 10 muestras de arcilla de las áreas habitacionales y de los basureros asociados con el núcleo cívico-ceremonial de La Quemada y con las terrazas residenciales colindantes, identifica los sitios de la producción de la cerámica y indica los patrones de la circulación de la cerámica. La distribución en La Quemada de la cerámica producida en algunas zonas residenciales en el valle, sugiere que la composición social de la región fue reproducida en una manera microcósmica en La Quemada y que las actividades en las zonas cívicas-ceremoniales presentaron mayor separación entre los grupos sociales que las actividades en las áreas residenciales colindantes.

Type
Articles
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 11 , Issue 1 , March 2000 , pp. 21 - 42
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 2000

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