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Incidental verbatim memory for language

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 March 2014

Olga Gurevich ,
Matthew A. Johnson  and
Adele E. Goldberg
Olga Gurevich
Affiliation:
Princeton University
Matthew A. Johnson
Affiliation:
Princeton University
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Abstract

It is widely believed that explicit verbatim memory for language is virtually nonexistent except in certain circumstances, for example if participants are warned they are to receive a memory test, if the language is ‘interactive’ (emotion-laden), or if the texts are exceedingly short and memory is tested immediately. The present experiments revisit the question of verbatim memory for language and demonstrate that participants do reliably recognize and recall full sentences that they are exposed to only once at above chance rates (Experiments 1 and 3). The texts are 300 words long, non-interactive, and no advanced warning of a memory test is given. Verbatim memory is demonstrated even when lexical content and memory for gist are controlled for (Experiments 2 and 4). The most striking finding is one of incidental recall: even after a six-day delay, participants reliably reproduce sentences they have heard before when asked to describe scenes, even though they are not asked to recall what they had heard (Experiment 5).

Keywords

verbatim memoryrecognitionrecallimplicit recallusage-based model
Type
Research Article
Information
Language and Cognition , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , March 2010 , pp. 45 - 78
Copyright
Copyright © UK Cognitive Linguistics Association 2010

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