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The Neuropsychological Profile of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Lewy Body Dementias

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 December 2019

Joanna Ciafone Open the ORCID record for Joanna Ciafone [Opens in a new window] ,
Bethany Little ,
Alan J. Thomas  and
Peter Gallagher
Joanna Ciafone*
Affiliation:
Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
Bethany Little
Affiliation:
Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
Alan J. Thomas
Affiliation:
Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
Peter Gallagher
Affiliation:
Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom Northern Centre for Mood Disorders, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Joanna Ciafone, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building, 3rd Floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom. E-mail: joanna.ciafone@newcastle.ac.uk
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Abstract

Objectives:

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) have substantial clinical and biological overlap, with cognitive deficits typically observed in the executive and visuospatial domains. However, the neuropsychological profiles of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) associated with these disorders are not well understood.

Methods:

This systematic review examined existing literature on cognition in MCI due to LB disease (MCI-LB) and PD (PD-MCI) using an electronic search of seven databases (Medline, Embase, Psychinfo, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and ScienceDirect). MCI-LB results were reviewed narratively given the small number of resulting papers (n = 7). Outcome variables from PD-MCI studies (n = 13) were extracted for meta-analysis of standardised mean differences (SMD).

Results:

In MCI-LB, executive dysfunction and slowed processing speed were the most prominent impairments, while visuospatial and working memory (WM) functions were also poor. MCI-LB scored significantly lower on verbal memory tests relative to controls, but significantly higher than patients with MCI due to Alzheimer’s disease. Quantitative analysis of studies in PD-MCI showed a similar profile of impairment, with the largest deficits in visuospatial function (Benton Judgement of Line Orientation, SMD g = −2.09), executive function (Trail Making Test B, SMD g = −1.65), verbal ability (Naming Tests, SMD g = −0.140), and WM (Trail Making Test A, SMD g = −1.20). In both MCI-LB and PD-MCI, verbal and visuospatial memory retrieval was impaired, while encoding and storage appeared relatively intact.

Conclusions:

The findings of this systematic review indicate similar neuropsychological profiles in the MCI stages of DLB and PDD. Executive impairment may at least partially explain poor performance in other domains.

Keywords

Dementia with Lewy bodiesParkinson’s disease dementiaCognitionVisuospatial working memoryVerbal learning and memoryExecutive function
Type
Critical Review
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 26 , Issue 2 , February 2020 , pp. 210 - 225
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2019 

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