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Analyses of Visuospatial and Visuoperceptual Errors as Predictors of Dementia in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Subjective Cognitive Decline and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2020

Iván Galtier Open the ORCID record for Iván Galtier [Opens in a new window] ,
Antonieta Nieto Open the ORCID record for Antonieta Nieto [Opens in a new window] ,
María Mata ,
Jesús N. Lorenzo  and
José Barroso Open the ORCID record for José Barroso [Opens in a new window]
Iván Galtier*
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
Antonieta Nieto
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
María Mata
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
Jesús N. Lorenzo
Affiliation:
Departament of Neurology, N.S. La Candelaria University Hospital, S/C de Tenerife, Spain
José Barroso
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Ivan Galtier, PhD, School of Psychology, University of La Laguna, 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. Tel.: +34 922317559; Fax: +34 922317561. Email: igaltier@ull.edu.es
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Abstract

Objective:

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are considered as the risk factors for dementia (PDD). Posterior cortically based functions, such as visuospatial and visuoperceptual (VS-VP) processing, have been described as predictors of PDD. However, no investigations have focused on the qualitative analysis of the Judgment of Line Orientation Test (JLOT) and the Facial Recognition Test (FRT) in PD-SCD and PD-MCI. The aim of this work was to study the VS-VP errors in JLOT and FRT. Moreover, these variables are considered as predictors of PDD.

Method:

Forty-two PD patients and 19 controls were evaluated with a neuropsychological protocol. Patients were classified as PD-SCD and PD-MCI. Analyses of errors were conducted following the procedure described by Ska, Poissant, and Joanette (1990). Follow-up assessment was conducted to a mean of 7.5 years after the baseline.

Results:

PD-MCI patients showed a poor performance in JLOT and FRT total score and made a greater proportion of severe intraquadrant (QO2) and interquadrant errors (IQO). PD-SCD showed a poor performance in FRT and made mild errors in JLOT. PD-MCI and QO2/IQO errors were independent risk factors for PDD during the follow-up. Moreover, the combination of both PD-MCI diagnosis and QO2/IQO errors was associated with a greater risk.

Conclusions:

PD-MCI patients presented a greater alteration in VS-VP processing observable by the presence of severe misjudgments. PD-SCD patients also showed mild difficulties in VS-SP functions. Finally, QO2/IQO errors in PD-MCI are a useful predictor of PDD, more than PD-MCI diagnosis alone.

Keywords

Movement disordersFollow-up studyRisk factorJudgment of Line Orientation testNeuropsychological assessmentCognitive impairment
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 27 , Issue 7 , August 2021 , pp. 722 - 732
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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