Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-qsmjn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T02:54:03.880Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Middle Pennsylvanian, late Atokan-early Desmoinesian echinoderms from an intermontane basin, the Central Colorado Trough

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

G. D. Webster  and
Karen J. Houck
G. D. Webster
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-2812
Karen J. Houck
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver 80217-3364
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Middle Pennsylvanian, Atokan and Desmoinesian, crinoids and echinoids are described from the Belden and Minturn Formations of the Central Colorado Trough. The echinoderms from the Minturn Formation were living in an active intermontane trough setting. They are found in two environments, on the flanks of phylloid algal reefs and in patches on abandoned delta lobes on the gently sloping substrate. Faunas are dominated by cromyocrinids and are similar to stable platform Terrigineous Facies Belt faunas of the Midcontinent.

New species described are Dicromyocrinus beldenensis, Neoprotencrinus rockensis, and Sciadiocrinus wipsorum. Goleocrinus, and the columnal genera Blothronagma, Cyclocaudex, and Platyplateium are reported for the first time from the Minturn Formation. The columnal taxa Blothronagma cinctutum and Floricyclus angustimargo are believed to be cromyocrinids. B. cinctutum may be synonomous with Synarmocrinus molasensis, and Floricyclus angustimargo may be synonymous with Ulocrinus rockymontanus.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 72 , Issue 6 , November 1998 , pp. 1054 - 1072
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Austin, T., and Austin, T. 1842. XVIII. Proposed arrangement of the Echinodermata, particularly as regards the Crinoidea, and a subdivision of the Class Adelostella (Echinidae). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 1, 10(63):106–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bassler, R. S., and Moodey, M. W. 1943. Bibliographic and faunal index of Paleozoic pelmatozoan echinoderms. Geological Society of America Special Paper 45, 734 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bather, F. A. 1890. British fossil crinoids. II. The classification of the Inadunata. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 6, 3:310–3234.Google Scholar
Baumiller, T. K. 1993. Survivorship analysis of Paleozoic Crinoidea: effect of filter morphology on evolutionary rates. Paleobiology, 19:304–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumiller, T. K., and Ausich, W. I. 1992. The broken-stick model as a null hypothesis for crinoid stalk taphonomy and as a guide to the distribution of connective tissue in fossils. Paleobiology, 18:288–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumiller, T. K., Llewellyn, C., Messing, C. G., and Ausich, W. I. 1995. Taphonomy of isocrinid stalks: influence of decay and autotomy. Palaios, 10:87–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowsher, A. L., and Strimple, H. L. 1986. Platycrinites and associated crinoids from Pennsylvanian rocks of the Sacramento Mountians, New Mexico. New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources Circular, 197, 37 p.Google Scholar
Chronic, J. 1958. Pennsylvanian rocks in central Colorado, p. 59–63. In Curtis, B. F., (ed.), Symposium on Pennsylvanian rocks of Colorado and adjacent areas. Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists.Google Scholar
Chronic, J. 1964. Nature and variability in Pennsylvanian sedimentary cycles of Colorado. In Merriam, D. F., (ed.). Symposium on Cyclic Sedimentation. Kansas State Geological Survey Bulletin 169:63–68.Google Scholar
Chronic, J., and Stevens, C. 1958. Pennsylvanian paleogeography in the McCoy area, Eagle County, p. 86–90. In Curtis, B. F., (ed.), Symposium on Pennsylvanian Rocks of Colorado and Adjacent Areas. Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists.Google Scholar
Claus, C. F. W. 1880. Grundzüge der Zoologie: 4th edition, 1:1–821; 2: 1–522, Marburg and Leipzig.Google Scholar
De Voto, R. H. 1965. Pennsylvanian and Permian stratigraphy of central Colorado. The Mountain Geologist, 2:209–228.Google Scholar
De Voto, R. H. 1972. Pennsylvanian and Permian stratigraphy and tectonism in central Colorado. Colorado School of Mines Quarterly, 67:139–185.Google Scholar
De Voto, R. H. 1980. Pennsylvanian stratigraphy and history of Colorado, p. 71–101. In Kent, A. C. and Porter, K. W. (eds.), Colorado Geology. Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists.Google Scholar
De Voto, R. H., Peel, F. A., and Pierce, W. H. 1971. Pennsylvanian and Permian stratigraphy, tectonism, and history, northern Sangre de Cristo Range, Colorado. In James, H. L. (ed.), Guidebook of the San Luis Basin Colorado. New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook 22:141–163.Google Scholar
De Voto, R. H., Bartleson, B. L., Schenk, C. J., and Waechter, N. B. 1986. Late Paleozoic stratigraphy and syndepositional tectonism, northwestern Colorado, p. 37–49. In Stone, D. S. (ed.), New Interpretations of Northwest Colorado geology. Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists—1986 Symposium.Google Scholar
Easton, W. H. 1962. Carboniferous formations and faunas of central Montana. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 348, 126 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Girty, G. H. 1903. The Carboniferous formations and faunas of Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 16:7–546.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holterhoff, P. F. 1988. Paleobiology and paleoecology of crinoids from the lower Stanton Formation (Late Pennsylvanian, Missourian) of the Mid-Continent United States. Unpublished , , 137 p.Google Scholar
Holterhoff, P. F. 1996. Crinoid biofacies in Upper Carboniferous cyclothems, Midcontinent, North America: faunal tracking and the role of regional processes in biofacies recurrence. In Ivany, L. C. and Schopf, K. M. (eds.), New Perspectives on Faunal Stability in the Fossil Record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 127:47–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holterhoff, P. F. 1997a. Filtration models, guilds, and biofacies: Crinoid paleoecology of the Stanton Formation (Upper Pennsylvanian), Midcontinent, North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 130:177–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holterhoff, P. F. 1997b. Paleoecology and evolutionary ecology of Paleozoic crinoids. In Waters, J. A. and Maples, C.G. (eds.), Geobiology of echinoderms. The Paleontological Society Papers, 3:69–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houck, K. J. 1991. Structural control on distribution of sedimentary facies in the Pennsylvanian Minturn Formation of North-Central Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1787-Y:Y1-Y33.Google Scholar
Houck, K. J. 1993. Sedimentology and stratigraphy of the middle Minturn Formation (Pennsylvanian), McCoy area, Eagle and Routt Rounties, Colorado. Unpublished , , 262 p.Google Scholar
Houck, K. J. 1997. Effects of sedimentation, tectonics, and glacio-eustasy on depositional sequences, Pennsylvanian Minturn Formation, North-Central Colorado. AAPG Bulletin, 81:1,510-1,533.Google Scholar
Houck, K. J., and Lockley, M. 1986. Pennsylvanian biofacies of the Central Colorado Trough. University of Colorado-Denver, Geology Department Magazine, Special Issue 2:1–64.Google Scholar
Jaekel, O. 1918. Phylogenie und System der Pelmatozoen. Paläeontologische Zeitshrift, 3, 128 p.Google Scholar
Jeffords, R. M., and Miller, T. H. 1968. Ontogenetic development in Late Pennsylvanian crinoid columnals and pluricolumnals. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Echinodermata Article 10:1–14.Google Scholar
Johnson, S. Y. 1987. Sedimentologic and paleogeographic significance of six fluvial sandstone bodies in the Maroon Formation, Eagle Basin, northwest Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1787A:1–17.Google Scholar
Kier, P. M. 1958. New American Paleozoic echinoids. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 135(9):1–26.Google Scholar
Knapp, W. D. 1969. Declinida, a new order of late Paleozoic inadunate crinoids. Joural of Paleontology, 43:340–391.Google Scholar
Lane, N. G. 1964. New Pennsylvanian crinoids from Clark County, Nevada. Journal of Paleontology, 38:677- 684.Google Scholar
Lane, N. G., and Webster, G. D. 1966. New Permian crinoid fauna from southern Nevada. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, 63:1–60.Google Scholar
Leske, N. G. 1778. Jacobi Theodori Klein naturalis dispositio echinodermatum…, edita et descriptionibus novisque inventris et synonomis auctorem aucta: Leipzig, 278 p.Google Scholar
Lewis, W. A., and Strimple, H. L. 1990. Sciadiocrinus, convergence on the Family Pirasocrinidae (Crinoidea: Echinodermata). Journal of Paleontology, 64:293–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lockley, M. G., Rindsberg, A. K., and Zeiler, R. M. 1987. The paleoenvironmental significance of the nearshore Curvolithus ichnofacies. Palaios, 2:255–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mallory, W. W. 1972. Regional synthesis of the Pennsylvanian System, p. 111–127. In Mallory, W. W. (ed.), Geologic Atlas of the Rocky Mountain Region. Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists.Google Scholar
M'Coy, F. 1844. Echinodermata, p. 171–183, pl. 24-27. In Griffith, R., A Synopsis of the Characters of the Carboniferous Limestone Fossils of Ireland, University Press, Dublin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, J. S. 1821. A natural history of the Crinoidea, or lily-shaped animals; with observations on the genera, Asteria, Euryale, Comatula and Marsupites. Bryan and Co., Bristol, England, 150 p.Google Scholar
Miller, S. A., and Gurley, W. F. E. 1890. Description of some new genera and species of Echinodermata from the Coal Measures and Subcarboniferous rocks of Indiana, Missouri, and Iowa. Journal of the Cincinnnati Society of Natural History, 13:1–25, pls. 1-4.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Jeffords, R. M. 1968. Classification and nomenclature of fossil crinoids based on studies of dissociated parts of their columns. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Echinodermata Article 9:1–86.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Laudon, L. R. 1943. Evolution and classification of Paleozoic crinoids. Geological Society of America Special Paper 46:151 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Laudon, L. R. 1944. Class Crinoidea, p. 137–209, pls. 52-79. In Shimer, H. W. and Shrock, R. R., Index fossils of North America. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Plummer, F. B. 1938. Upper Carboniferous crinoids from the Morrow Subseries of Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas. Denison University Bulletin, Journal of the Scientific Laboratories, 32:209–314.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Plummer, F. B. 1940. Crinoids from the Upper Carboniferous and Permian strata in Texas. The University of Texas Publication 3945:9–468.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Teichert, C. (eds.). 1978. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (T) Echinodermata 2, Crinoidea. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, 3 Volumes, 1,026 p.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C., Jeffords, R. M., and Miller, T. H. 1968. Morphological features of crinoid columns. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, Echinodermata Article 8:1–30.Google Scholar
Pabian, R. K., and Strimple, H. L. 1970. Paleoecology of Pennsylvanian crinoids from southeastern Nebraska and southwestern Iowa. Proceedings, 80th Annual Meeting, Nebraska Academy of Sciences, p. 36.Google Scholar
Pabian, R. K., and Strimple, H. L. 1993. Taxonomy, paleoecology and biostratigraphy of the crinoids of the South Bend Limestone (Late Pennsylvanian-Missourian, ?Virgilian) in southeastern Nebraska and southeastern Kansas. Conservation and Survey Division, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Professional Paper 1:1–55.Google Scholar
Pabian, R. K., Boardman, D. R. II, and Holterhoff, P. F. 1989. Paleoecology of Late Pennsylvanian and Early Permain crinoids from north-central Texas, p. 291–303. In Boardman, D. R. II, Barrick, J. E., Cocke, J., and Nestell, M. K. (eds.), Middle and Late Pennsylvanian Chronostratigraphic Boundaries in North-central Texas: Glacial-eustatic Events, Biostratigraphy, and Paleoecology. A Guidebook with Contributed Papers. Pt. II Contributed Papers. Texas Tech University, Studies in Geology 2.Google Scholar
Ross, C. A., and Ross, J. R. P. 1987. Biostratigraphic zonation of late Palaeozoic depositional sequences. Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research, Special Publication, 24:151–168.Google Scholar
Roth, R., and Skinner, J. 1930. The fauna of the McCoy Formation, Pennsylvanian, of Colorado. Journal of Paleontology, 4:332–352.Google Scholar
Schenk, C. J. 1989. Sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Eagle Valley evaporite (Middle Pennsylvanian), Eagle Basin, northwest Colorado. Unpublished , , 191 p.Google Scholar
Sevarese, M., Dodd, J. R., and Lane, N. G. 1997. Taphonomic and sedimentologic implications of crinoid intraskeletal porosity. Lethaia (1996), 29:141–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, C. H. 1958. Stratigraphy and paleontology of the McCoy, Colorado, area. Unpublished , , 242 p.Google Scholar
Stevens, C. H. 1965. Faunal trends in near-shore Pennsylvanian deposits near McCoy, Colorado. Mountain Geologist, 2(2):71–77.Google Scholar
Stevens, C. H. 1969. Water depth control of fusulinid distribution. Lethaia 2:121–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, C. H. 1971. Distribution and diversity of Pennsylvanian marine faunas relative to water depth and distance from shore. Lethaia 4:403–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1949. Studies of Carboniferous crinoids. Palaeontolgraphica Americana, 3(23):5–41.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1951. New Desmoinesian crinoids. Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 41:191–194.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1961. Late Desmoinesian crinoids. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin 93:1–189Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1976. Erisocrinids (Crinoidea-Inadunata) from Middle Pennsylvanian rocks of Iowa and Colorado. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 82:126–129.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L., and Miller, J. F. 1971. Pennsylvanian crinoids from the Pinkerton Trail Limestone, Molas Lake, Colorado. The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions Paper 56 (9):35–40.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L., and Moore, R. C. 1973. Middle Pennsylvanian crinoids from central Colorado. The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions Paper 66 (2):8–15.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L., and Watkins, W. T. 1969. Carboniferous crinoids of Texas with stratigraphic implications. Palaeontographica Americana, 6:141–275.Google Scholar
Tillman, R. W. 1971. Petrology and paleoenvironments, Robinson Member, Minturn Formation (Desmoinesian), Eagle Basin, Colorado. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 55:593–620.Google Scholar
Tischler, H. 1963. Fossils, faunal zonation, and depositional environment of the Madera Formation, Huerfano Park, Colorado. Journal of Paleontology, 37:1,054-1,068.Google Scholar
Tweto, O. 1949. Stratigraphy of the Pando area, Eagle County, Colorado. Colorado Scientific Society, Proceedings, 15:149–235.Google Scholar
Wachsmuth, C., and Springer, F. 1885. Revision of the Palaeocrinoidea, Pt. III, Sec. 1. Discussion of the classification and relations of the brachiate crinoids, and conclusion of the generic descriptions. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, p. 225–364.Google Scholar
Wachsmuth, C., and Springer, F. 1886. Revision of the Palaeocrinoidea, Pt. III, Sec. 2. Discussion of the classification and relations of the brachiate crinoids, and conclusion of the generic descriptions. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, p. 64–226.Google Scholar
Walker, T. R. 1972. Bioherms in the Minturn Foramtion (Desmoinesian age), Vail-Minturn area, Eagle County, Colorado. Colorado School of Mines Quarterly, 67:249–278.Google Scholar
Walker, T. R., and Harms, J. C. 1991. The Minturn Formation (Desmoinesian) near McCoy, Colorado, p. 37–59. In Suttner, L. J. (ed.), Guidebook for Field Study of Pennsylvanian Coarse-grained Delta Deposits in the Vicinity of Manitou Springs and McCoy, Colorado. Rocky Mountain Section SEPM Field Conference Guidebook.Google Scholar
Washburn, A. T. 1968. Early Pennsylvanian crinoids from the south central Wasatch Mountains of central Utah. Brigham Young University Geology Studies 15:115–131.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1973. Bibliography and index of Paleozoic crinoids, 1942-1968. Geological Society of America Memoir 46, 341 p.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1974. Crinoid pluricolumnal noditaxis patterns. Journal of Paleontology, 48:1283–1288.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1977. Bibliography and index of Paleozoic crinoids, 1969-1973. Geological Society of America Microform Publication 8, 235 p. (3 cards).Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1981. New crinoids from the Naco Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian) of Arizona and a revision of the the Family Cromyocrinidae. Journal of Paleontology, 55:1176–1199.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1986. Bibliography and index of Paleozoic crinoids, 1974-1980. Geological Society of America Microform Publication 16, 405 p. (5 cards).Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1988. Bibliography and index of Paleozoic crinoids and coronate echinoderms, 1981-1985. Geological Society of America microform Publication 18, 235 p. (3 cards).Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1993. Bibliography and index of Paleozoic crinoids, 1986-1990. Geological Society of America Microform Publication 25, 204 p. (3 cards).Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1996. Lower Carboniferous echinoderms from northern Utah and western Wyoming. Utah Geological Survey Bulletin 128, 65 p.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D., and Lane, N. G. 1970. Carboniferous echinoderms from the southwestern United States. Journal of Paleontology, 44:276–296.Google Scholar
Yakovlev, N. N., and Ivanov, A. P. 1956. Morskie lilii i blastoidei kamennougolnykh i permskikh otlozhenii SSSR [Marine crinoids and blastoids of the Carboniferous and Permian deposits of Russia]. Vsesoyuznogo Nauchno-Isledovatelskii Geologicheskogo Institut Trudy, 11, 142 p. [in Russian]Google Scholar