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The Costs of Going Global

Lower Court Response to Constitutional Cross-Fertilization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 October 2022

Maureen Stobb
Maureen Stobb*
Affiliation:
Georgia Southern University, USA
*
Contact the author at mstobb@georgiasouthern.edu.
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Abstract

Supreme Court influence depends greatly on the responses of lower court judges to its precedent. Justices employ numerous strategies to obtain lower court deference to their decisions, including the provocative practice of relying upon foreign law. Referred to as “constitutional cross-fertilization” when used in constitutional interpretation, this practice is labeled by critics as a threat to American democracy. Research suggests that the Court uses such references strategically to prop up controversial and ideologically charged decisions, and that they obtain a benefit in the form of increased citations. These studies do not tell us if the Court gains lower court deference. I contend that, in constitutional cases, lower court judges will not find reliance upon such sources persuasive; rather, they will regard these references with disdain. My findings support my argument. Contrary to the justices’ intentions, reliance upon foreign law in constitutional cases is associated with an increased probability of negative, as opposed to positive, treatment. Justices incur significant costs from participating in the global rights dialogue.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Law and Courts , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , Fall 2021 , pp. 215 - 232
Copyright
© 2021 Law and Courts Organized Section of the American Political Science Association. All rights reserved.

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Footnotes

The author thanks Brett Curry, Amanda Driscoll, Ryan Black, Justin Wedeking, and the anonymous reviewers for valuable insights, and Jonathan Cruz for research assistance. An earlier version of this article was presented at the 2019 annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association.

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