No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
The Office of Lingua: A Portrait of the Religious Tupi Interpreter in Brazil in the Sixteenth Century1
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 April 2010
Extract
In the above quotation, the Jesuit, Manuel da Nóbrega, chose a lingua (Gonçalo Alvares) as interlocutor for his Dialogue on the Conversion of Pagans The expression lingua (literally: tongue), in the sense of interpreter, or a person with a gift of oratory in Tupi-language, usually appears in Jesuit letters and catalogues as an attribute of some of its members. For example, in the catalogue of priests and brothers of Bahia, 1566, it is said that Gaspar Lourenco ‘acts as the lingua of Father Antonio Pires’, then vice-provincial of the Mission in Brazil. In another list of Jesuits in the Province of Brazil, in 1600, there are fifty-eight names qualified as linguas, almost one-third of the general members.
- Type
- Articles
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © Research Institute for History, Leiden University 2001
References
Notes
2 Manuel da Nóbrega, Dialogue on the Conversion of Pagans (Bahia 1556–1557) in: Leite, Serafim, Monumenta Brasiliae II (Rome 1956) 319Google Scholar.
3 ‘I will use as interlocutors my brothers Gonçalo Alvares, to whom God has granted the grace and talent to be the clarion of His word in the Capitania of Espírito Santo, and Matheus Nogueira, blacksmith of Jesus Christ’ (Nobrega [1556–1557], Leite, Monumenta II, 319).
4 Leite, Monumenta IV, 364.
5 Leite, Serafim, História da Companhia de Jesus no Brasil I (Rio de Janeiro 1938) 578Google Scholar.
6 Solano, Fransisco, ‘El interprete: uno de los ejes de la aculturación’ in: Estudios sobre politico indigenista española en America I–III (Valladolid 1977)Google Scholar.
7 Adorno, Rolena, ‘Images of Indios Ladinos in Early Colonial Peru’ in: Andrien, Kenneth J. and Adorno, Rolena eds, Transatlantic Encounters: Europeans and Andeans in the Sixteenth Century (Berkeley 1991)Google Scholar and Solano, ‘El interprete’.
8 Ibid.
9 Leite, Monumenta and idem, História.
10 Leite, Monumenta IV, 473
11 Leite, História I, 578.
12 Hein, Jeanne, ‘Portuguese Communication with African on the Searoute to India’, Terrae Incognitae 25 (1993) 41–51CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
13 Ibid.
14 Prince Henry [1438], Hein, ‘Portuguese Communication’, 42.
15 Russel, P.E., ‘Some Portuguese Paradigms for the Discovery and Conquest of Spanish America’, Renaissance Studies 6/3–4 (1992) 377–390CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
16 de Caminha, Pero Vaz, Dourado, Mecenas, A conversão do gentio (Rio de Janeiro 1958) 54Google Scholar.
17 Arnaud, Vicente Guillermo, ‘Los interpretes en el descubrimiento, conquista y colonization del Rio de la Plata’, Boletin de la Academia Nacional de la Historia XXII (1949) 387Google Scholar.
18 Arnaud, ‘Los interpretes’.
19 Cortezão, Jaime, A fundação de São Paulo, capital geográfica do Brasil (Rio de Janeiro 1955)Google Scholar.
20 Cardim, Fernāo et al. , Tratados da terra e da genta do Brasil (Rio de Janeiro 1939) 171Google Scholar.
21 Leite, Serafim, ‘Jesuítas do Brasil na fundação da missão do Paraguai (11 August 1588)’, Archivum historicum S.J. VI (Rome 1937) 2Google Scholar.
22 Leite, Monumenta I, 485.
23 Leite, História II, 564.
24 P. Leonardo Nunes [1551], Leite, Monumenta I, 233.
25 1551, Leite, Monumenta I, 226.
26 Fernandes [1552], Leite, Monumenta I: 361–362.
27 Nóbrega [1552], Leite, Monumenta I, 370.
28 Leite, Monumenta II, 348.
29 Leite, História I, 575.
30 Leite, Monumenta I, 412.
31 Leite, Monumenta III, 66*.
32 Leite, Monumenta I, 353.
33 Leite, Monumenta II, 288.
34 Leite, Monumenta I, 292.
35 Leite, Monumenta III, 356.
36 Cortezão, A Fundação.
37 Nóbrega [1553], Leite, Monumenta II, 16.
38 Leite, Monumenta I, 209.
39 Ibid., 226.
40 Nóbrega [1553], Ibid., 457.
41 Leite, História II, 430.
42 Cristovāo Gouveia [1584], Ibid., 433
43 Leite, Serafim, Suma histórica da Companhia de Jesus no Brasil (Lisbon 1965)Google Scholar.
44 Leite, História VII, 37.
45 Leite, Monumenta III, 444.
46 Leite, Monumenta II, 46.
47 Anchieta [1556], Leite, Monumenta II, 314.
48 Anchieta [1561], Leite, Monumenta III, 374.
49 Leite, Monumenta I, 423.
50 Nóbrega [1557], Leite, Monumenta II, 418.
51 Leite, História IX, 24.
52 Leite, História II, 563.
53 Leite, História IX, 385.
54 Leite, Monumenta I, 479.
55 Leite, História VIII, 175.
56 Leite, ‘Jésuitas’, 2.
57 Leite, Monumenta II, 15.
58 Ibid., 117.
59 Ibid., 340.
60 Mauro, Frederic, Le Bresil XVII siècle, documents inédits relatifs à l'Atlantique Portugais (Coimbra 1961) 163Google Scholar.
61 Leite, História II, 562.
62 Correia [1553], Leite, Monumenta I, 442.
63 Leite, História IX, 439.
64 1556/Leite, Monumenta II, 352.
65 Ibid., 137 and 269.
66 Leite, História II, 556–557.
67 Leite, Monumenta I, 262.
68 Leite, História II, 560.
69 Ibid., 560.
70 Ibid., 557.
71 Leite, Monumenta I, 441.
72 Leite, História III.
73 Leite, História II, 546.
74 Blazques [1556], Leite, Monumenta II, 348.
75 Leite, História IX, 192.
76 Leite, Serafim, Nóbrega e a fundação de São Paulo (Lisbon 1953)Google Scholar.
77 Leite, História II, 558.
78 Leite, Monumenta I, 423.
79 Leite, História II, 432.
80 Jacome Monteiro [1690], Leite, História II, 436.
81 Leite, Monumenta I, 440.
82 Duviols, Pierre, La lutte contre les religions autochtones dans le Pérou colonial (Lima/Paris 1971) 228Google Scholar.
83 Camara, Joaquim Mattoso Jr, Introdução às lìnguas indìgenas brasileiras (Rio de Janeiro 1965)Google Scholar.