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Beyond Subjects. Revolts and Colonial Identity in Portuguese America1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2010

Luciano Raposo de Almeida Figueiredo
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Extract

Just before the end of the first decade of the eighteenth century a Brazilian Jesuit priest went through the streets of Lisbon announcing the invention of a flying apparatus, which used the rudimentary techniques of the first airship.

Type
Articles
Information
Itinerario , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , March 1999 , pp. 78 - 90
Copyright
Copyright © Research Institute for History, Leiden University 1999

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References

Notes

2 ‘Documento relative ao Padre Bartolomeu Lourenço de Gusmaoeāo seu invento (1709)’, Anais do Museu Paulista 1 (Sāo Paulo 1922) 5–10.

3 Serrāo, Joel ed., Dicionário de História de Portugal 3 (Porto 1985) 184–185.Google Scholar

4 Afonso de E. Taunay, Bartolomeu de Gusmāo (Sāo Paulo 1942); ‘pateiro’ = lay brother in a monastery.

5 Belloto, Heloisa L., ‘O Estado Portuguès no Brasil: Sistema administrativo e fiscal’ in: da Silva, Maria Beatriz Nizza ed., O Império Luso-brasileiro, 1750–1822 8 (Lisboa 1986) 265.Google Scholar

6 See Novais, Fernando, Portugal e Brasil na arise do Antigo Sistema Colonial, 1777–1808 (Sāo Paulo, 1979)Google Scholar; Idem, ‘Brazil in the Old Colonial System’ in: Richard Graham ed., Brazil and the World System (Austin 1991) 11–55.

7 See Figueiredo, Luciano, Revoltas, Fiscalidade e Identidade Colonial na América Portuguesa — Rio de Janeiro, Bahia e Minos Gerais, 1640–1761 (PhD dissertation, Universidade de Sāo Paulo 1996).Google Scholar

8 Boxer, C.R., Salvador de Sá and the Struggle for Brazil and Angola, 1602–1686 (London 1952) 311–330Google Scholar; Luciano Figueiredo, Revoltas, Fiscalidade, especially chapter 1. For the most significant accounts on the revolt, see Vieira Fazenda, ‘Antiqualhas e memórias do Rio de Janeiro’, ‘Bernarda (1660–1661)’, Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Brasil, 140, 142, 143, 147 and 149 (Rio de Janeiro 1921–1927) and ‘Excerpto de uma memória manuscrita sobre a história do Rio de Janeiro durante o governo de Salvador Correia de Sá e Benevides…’, Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Brasil 9 (Rio de Janeiro 1841) 3–30.

9 Mauro, Frederic, Portugal, o Brasil e o Allāntico (1570–1660) 1 (Lisboa 1989) 255–257Google Scholar; Boxer, C.R., The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415–1825 (London 1969)Google Scholar; de Alencastro, Luis Felipe, Os lusobrasileiros em Angola: constituiçāo do espaço económico brasileiro no Atlântico sul, 1550–1700 (Dissertacao of Livre docencia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas 1994).Google Scholar

10 Boxer, C.R., The Golden Age of Brazil, 1695–1750 (Berkeley and Los Angeles 1969) especially chapter VI, 126–161Google Scholar; Vilhena, Luis dos Santos, A Bahia no século XVIII, recopilaçāo das noticias soteropolitanas e brasilicas (Bahia 1969)Google Scholar; Caldas, José Antonio, Noticia geral desta capitania da Bahia desde o seu descobrimento até o presente ano de 1759 (Bahia 1951)Google Scholar; Rui, Afonso, História Politico e Administrativa da cidade da Bahia (Bahia 1949).Google Scholar

11 Luis Monteiro da Costa, Na Bahia colonial: Apontamentos para História militar da cidade do Salvador (Bahia, [no date]); de Mello, Evaldo Cabral, Olinda Restaurada: Guerra e açúcar no Nordeste, 1630–1654 (Sāo Paulo 1975).Google Scholar

12 See, among other narratives on the revolt, Sebastiāo da Pitta, Rocha, História da América Portuguesa (Belo Horizonte/Sāo Paulo 1976)Google Scholar; Lamego, Alberto, ‘Os motins do Maneta na Bahia’, Revista do Instituto Geográfico e Histórico da Bahia 55 (Bahia 1929)Google Scholar; Accioli, Ignácio e do Amaral, Braz, Memórias Histórica e Politico da Provincia da Bahia 3 (Salvador 1931)Google Scholar. Regarding the surrounding circumstances of the revolt see the remarkable work by Flory, Rae J.D., Bahian Society in the Mid-colonial Period: The Sugar Planters, Tobacco Growers, Merchants, and Artisans of Salvador and the Recôncavo, 1680–1725 (Austin 1978).Google Scholar

13 Sebastiāo da Rocha Pitta, História, 259.

14 Among the most important works on the early resistance movements in Minas, see de Vasconcelos, Diogo, História Antiga das Minas Gerais, 1703–1720 II (Rio de Janeiro 1948)Google Scholar and, by the same author, História Média das Minas Gerais (Belo Horizonte 1974); Ramos, Donald, A Social History of Ouro Preto: Stresses of Dynamic Urbanization (Florida 1972)Google Scholar.

15 Salgado, Graça ed., Fiscais e Meirinhos: A administraçāo no Brasil colonial (Rio de Janeiro 1985).Google Scholar

16 Manuel da Cardozo, Silveira S., ‘The Collection of the fifths in Brazil, 1695–1709’, Hispanic America Historical Review 20 (1940) 359–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

17 Biblioteca Mario de Andrade, Sāo Paulo, Códice Costa Matoso, ‘Relaçāo do principio descoberto destas Minas Gerais e os sucessos de algumas coisas mais memoráveis que sucederam de seu princípio até o tempo em que as veio governar o Exmo. Sr. Dom Brás da Silveira’, 30–34. A critical edition of this codex, of paramount importance for the history of the Portuguese settlement in Minas during the first half of the eighteenth century, is being prepared for the Coleçāo Mineiriana, Fundaçāo joāo Pinheiro (Belo Horizon te, Brazil).

18 C.R. Boxer, The Golden Age, chapter VII, 162–203; Russell-Wood, A.J.R., ‘Local Government in Portuguese America: A Study in Cultural Divergence’, Comparative Studies in Society and History 16 (1974) 187–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

19 C.R. Boxer, The Golden Age, Donald Ramos, A Social History. See, among other narratives, Feu de Carvalho, Ementário da História de Minas: Felipe dos Santos na sediçāo de Vila Rica, 1720 (Belo Horizonte, no date); Discurso histórico e político sobre a sublevaçāo que nas Minas houve no ano de 1720 (Belo Horizonte 1994).

20 Vasconcelos, Diogo, História Média de Minas Gerais (3rd ed., Belo Horizonte 1974)Google Scholar; Anastasia, Carla MJ., A sediçāo de 1736: Estudo comparativo entre a zona dinâmica da mineraçāo e a zona marginal do sertāo agro pastoril do Sāo Francisco (Belo Horizonte 1983)Google Scholar; Luciano Figueiredo, Revoltas, Fiscalidade, chapter 3. For one of the few published accounts on the revolt, see do Sertāo, Motins, Revista do Arquivo Público Mineiro 1 (Belo Horizonte 1896).Google Scholar

21 A.J.R. Russell-Wood was one of the first to develop a conceptual framework that placed these colonial revolts within a context of a centralisation of colonial policy. See his ‘Preconditions and Precipitants of the Independence Movement in Portuguese America’ in: Russell-Wood, A.J.R. ed., From Colony to Nation – Essays on the Independence of Brazil (London 1975) 3–40Google Scholar; see also Laura de Mello e Souza, ‘Mouns, Revoltas e Revoluçōes na América Portuguesa – séculos XVII e XVIII’ in: História General de America Latina 4 (Unesco, In Press).

22 Luciano Figueiredo, Revoltas, Fiscalidade (see especially Part II).

23 For a wider perspective on the colonial identity in Brazil, see Schwartz, Stuart, ‘The Formation of a Colonial Identity in Brazil’ in: Canny, Nicholas and Pagden, Anthony eds, Colonial Identity in the Atlantic World, 1500–1800 (Princeton 1987) 15–50.Google Scholar

24 de Oliveira, António, Poder e Oposiçāo em Portugal no período filipino (1580–1640) (Lisboa 1990)Google Scholar; de Mello, Evaldo C., Rubro Veio: O imaginário da Restauraçāo Pernambucana (Rio de Janeiro 1986)Google Scholar, especially chapter 3. The works of this author on Pernambuco provide new interpretations on the Brazilian colonial identity, see A Fronda dos Mazombos – nobres contra mascates: Pernambuco, 1666–1715 (Sāo Paulo 1995).

25 ‘Consulta do Conselho Ultramarino a Sua Majestade no ano de 1732 feita pelo Conselheiro Antônio Rodrigues da Costa’, Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Brasil 7 (1847) 175–182Google Scholar.