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Patterns of Genetic Diversity in the Globally Invasive Species Wild Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Tania Jogesh ,
Rhiannon Peery ,
Stephen R. Downie  and
May R. Berenbaum
Tania Jogesh*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61820
Rhiannon Peery
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 265 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61820
Stephen R. Downie
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 265 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61820
May R. Berenbaum
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61820
*
Corresponding author E-mail: tjogesh@chicagobotanic.org
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Abstract

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Wild parsnip is an invasive species with a global distribution in temperate climates. Parsnips are native to Eurasia and have been cultivated for more than five centuries. It is unclear whether the global invasion of this species is a consequence of escape from cultivation or the accidental introduction of a Eurasian wild subspecies. In this study, we used nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) markers to evaluate the genetic structure of wild parsnip in its native range (Europe) and in three distinct geographic regions where it is considered invasive: eastern North America, western North America, and New Zealand. We also compared wild and cultivated parsnips to determine whether they are genetically distinct. From 112 individuals, we recovered 14 ITS and 27 cpDNA haplotypes. One ITS haplotype was widespread; few haplotypes were rare singletons. In contrast, at least two lineages of cpDNA haplotypes were recovered, with several novel haplotypes restricted to Europe. Cultivated parsnips were not genetically distinct from wild parsnips, and numerous wild parsnip populations shared haplotypes with cultivars. High genetic diversity was recovered in all three regions, suggesting multiple introductions.

Keywords

Wild parsnip, Pastinaca sativa L. PASA2Chloroplast haplotypescolonization historycultivarsinvasion geneticsNew Zealand
Type
Research Article
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 8 , Issue 4 , December 2015 , pp. 415 - 429
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

References

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