International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Appeal by Government of member State under Article 37 of Treaty — Decision of High Authority alleged to cause “fundamental and persistent disturbance in the economy” of the State — Whether appeal under Article 37 admissible against proposed decisions — Scope of appeal under Article 37 — Competence of High Authority — Determination of date of decision — Alleged violation of Treaty, Article 70 — Meaning of concept of discrimination in Treaty — Breach of substantial procedural requirement — Requirement of reasons for decision of High Authority — Détournement de pouvoir — Necessity for supporting this ground with precise evidence.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Competence — Actions between Community and its officials prior to adoption of Statute of Service — E.E.C. Treaty, Articles 173 and 179 — Application of general jurisdiction conferred by Article 173 to actions by officials — Restricted power of authors of Statute of Service in matters of competence of Court.

International organization — International officials — European Economic Community — Contract of employment with — Public law nature of — Conditions governing employment before adoption of Statute of Service — Security of employment — Whether Commission committed faute de service by fostering in employees hope of secure employment — Principle of good faith applicable to actions of authorities in administrative sphere — Consequence of applicability of this principle — Dismissal notice to be reasoned — Validity of reasons — Length of notice to be reasonable — Assessment of damages for breach of contract — Damages for non-physical suffering assessed ex aequo et bono.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Procedure — Pleadings — Reply — Additional submissions not contained in request — Admissibility of — Relevance of fact that submissions are made in appeal en pleine juridiction.

Court of Justice of European Communities — Costs — Apportionment of — Action by official against Community institution — Rules of Procedure, Articles 69 and 70.

International organization — International officials — European Economic Community — Contract of employment with — Public law nature of — Conditions governing employment before adoption of Statute of Service — Exclusive competence of Commission to decide upon official's grade — Claim for damages for loss of reputation due to faute de service by Commission — Security of employment — Whether Commission committed faute de service by fostering in employees hope of secure employment — Détournement de pouvoir — Whether constituted by dismissal allegedly for publication of article critical of Commission — Principle of good faith applicable to acts of authorities in administrative sphere — Consequence of applicability of this principle — Dismissal notice to be reasoned — Validity of reasons — Length of notice to be reasonable — Assessment of damages for breach of contract — Damages for non-physical suffering assessed ex aequo et bono.

Court of Justice of European Coal and Steel Community — Costs — Whether action reckless and vexatious which involves condemnattion of plaintiff in total costs — Relevance of ambiguity in conduct of defendant — Apportionment of costs — Article 89, paragraph 3, of Rules of Procedure.

International organization — International officials — European Coal and Steel Community — Contract of employment as head of certain departments of Assembly of Community — Decision of Assembly abolishing these departments — Failure to reappoint plaintiff — Capacity of plaintiff to challenge decision — Treaty establishing European Coal and Steel Community, Articles 38 and 42 — Whether necessary to give reasons for dismissal — Détournement de pouvoir — Whether dismissal a disguised sanction — Position of employee prior to introduction of Statute of Service of Community.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Principles and rules of — Principle of effectiveness — Aim and purpose of provision of treaty — Treaty establishing European Coal and Steel Community, Article 78 (3)Powers of Commission of Presidents in regard to salaries of officials — Restrictive interpretation of provision creating exception to general rule laid down in prior article of Treaty-Articles 6 (4) and 78 (3).

International organization-European Coal and Steel Community — Legal personality of Community — Whether institutions of Community also possess legal personality.

International organization — International officials — European Coal and Steel Community — Which institution of Community empowered to regulate salaries — Jurisdiction of Commission of Presidents — Whether powers of Commission limited to consultation — Whether Commission has any power of decision.

Court of Justice of European Coal and Steel Community — Procedure — Pleadings — Whether necessary for plaintiff to cite article of Treaty relied on — Statute of the Court, Article 22 — Rules of Procedure, Article 38, paragraph 1.

Court of Justice of European Coal and Steel Community — Law applied by — No provision in Treaty — Use of generally recognized principles of law of member States as source of law.

International organization — International officials — European Coal and Steel Community — Contracts of employment with Common Assembly — Attempt by Assembly to terminate plaintiffs' admission to Statute of Service — Whether plaintiffs governed by terms of Statute or by prior contracts which they had renounced — Alleged illegality of Assembly's Act — Revocability of illegal administrative acts — Period during which act remains liable to revocation — Effect of illegality — Whether act void or voidable — Severability of part of act affected by illegality — Alleged “faute de service” within Article 40 of Treaty — Meaning of “faute de service” — Act creating situation false in fact but legal in appearance — Intention necessary for commission of faute — Whether misinterpretation of Treaty provision can constitute a faute — Measure of damages for injury caused by illegal act — Special damages and damages for injured feelings.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Procedure — Time — limits — Action by official alleging wrong classification of job by High Authority — Whether action prima facie time — barred revived by implied decision of Authority refusing to regrade plaintiff — Effect of new Rules of Procedure omitting to prescribe time — limit for such action.

International organization — International officials — European Coal and Steel Community — Contract of employment with — Action by official alleging wrong classification of his job by High Authority — Whether time-barred right of appeal revived by implied decision of Authority refusing to re-grade plaintiff.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Procedure — Pleadings — Reply — Contents of — Amplification of claim in request distinguished from new claim — Statute of the Court, Article 22 — Rules of Procedure, Article 38.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Procedure — Time — limits for appeals — Appeal by official — Specific provision in old Rules of Procedure — No provision for these appeals in new Rules — Whether new Rules have retrospective effect — Date from which new Rules operative.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Procedure — Time-limits for appeals — Appeal by official — Specific provision in old Rules of Procedure — No provision for these appeals in new Rules — Whether new Rules have retrospective effect — Date from which new Rules operative.

International organization — International officials — European Coal and Steel Community — Contract of employment with — Voluntary suspension of employment — Whether employee may resign during such suspension — Contract of employment made for indefinite period — Whether employee entitled to terminate such contract unilaterally — Whether Statute of Service overrides terms of particular contract — Claim for monies due.

Treaties of peace — Performance of — Analogous instruments Convention on the Settlement of Matters Arising out of the War and Occupation, 1952 — 1954, Chapter Five, Articles 3 and 4 — Restitution — Conditions for.

Arbitration — Procedure — Competence — Competence to review decisions of municipal or occupation organs — Conditions of — Under treaty establishing arbitral tribunal — Arbitral Commission on Property, Rights and Interests in Germany.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Principles and rules of — Strict interpretation — Whether compatible with intention of signatories — Ascertainment of such intention.

Arbitration — The award — Appeal — Admissibility of — Charter of Arbitral Commission on Property, Rights and Interests in Germany, Article 8 ("General principles of international law and of justice and equity ").

Arbitration — Procedure — Competence — Competence to extend time-limits — Appeals submitted after expiration of time-limits — Arbitral Commission on Property, Rights and Interests in Germany.

Arbitration — Procedure — Award incorporating and giving effect to compromise reached by parties — United States-Japanese Property Commission.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Principles and rules of — Consistency with aim and purpose of Treaty — Municipal law incorporated in Treaty of Peace — Treaty of Peace with Japan, Article 15 (a) — Draft Allied Powers Property Compensation Law, Article 9 — Meaning of “working” a patent.

Anglo-Japanese Property Commission — Law applied by — Interpretation of Draft Allied Powers Property Compensation Law incorporated in Treaty of Peace with Japan — Relevance of law of Japan and law of England — Relevance of law of other countries in comparable positions — Question of patent law — Reference to laws of United States of America and Germany — Treaty of Peace with Japan, Article 15 (a) — Property Compensation Law, Article 9 (2).

Anglo-Japanese Property Commission — Procedure — Decision limited to giving effect to settlement arrived at by parties — Treaty of Peace with Japan, 1951, Article 15 (a).

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Revision of judgment — Grounds for — Documents submitted to Court in language other than that of the procedure — Whether Court thus prevented from knowing contents of documents — Whether plaintiffs' case hampered.

Aliens — Position of — Subjection to territorial sovereignty of receiving State — Currency regulations of general character — Prejudicial consequences of — Whether foreign creditor is able to escape such consequences.

Aliens — Position of — Non — discrimination — Discriminatory treatment of property — Definition of — Under Chapter Ten of Convention on the Settlement of Matters Arising out of the War and Occupation, 1952-1954 — Concept of “impairment” — Currency reform — Effects of — Whether constituting discriminatory treatment.

War — Effects of outbreak of — On enemy subjects with regard to their property — Control and blocking of enemy assets — Compatibility with international law — German Regulations — Restitution and compensation claims arising out of measures against enemy property — Satisfaction of such claims under Convention on Settlement of Matters Arising out of the War and Occupation, 19521954.

War — In general — Enforcement of laws of war — Reprisals — Retaliatory legislation — Presumption of proportionality.

War — In general — Effects of treaties of peace — Analogous instruments — Convention on the Settlement of Matters Arising out of the War and Occupation, 1952 — 1954 — Meaning of discriminatory treatment.

War — Effects of outbreak of — On enemy subjects with regard to property and other rights — Patent rights — Effect of German legislation during Second World War — Whether confiscatory of rights of patent owner — Retaliatory legislation — Presumption of proportionality — Appropriation of royalties by German Government — Whether constituting “discriminatory” treatment under Convention on Settlement of Matters Arising out of the War and Occupation, 1952–1954.

War — Effects of outbreak of — On enemy subjects with regard to property and other rights — Frustration of contracts by force majeure — Sale of goods by lien holder with consent of Custodian of Enemy Property — Goods subject to contract of sale at outbreak of war — Incomplete transaction — Liability of Government under Treaty of Peace to compensate original purchaser of goods — Relevance of prior payment of compensation to original sellers — Treaty of Peace with Japan, Article 15 (a).

War — In general — Effects of treaties of peace — Analogous instruments — Convention on Settlement of Matters Arising out of the War and Occupation, 1952–1954 — Meaning of discrimination — Territorial scope of return and restoration provisions.

War — In general — Effects of treaties of peace — In general — Analogous instruments — Convention on Settlement of Matters Arising out of the War and Occupation, 1952–1954 — Restitution — Requirements of — Under said Convention.

State responsibility — Claims — In general — Treaty of Peace with Italy — Competence of Government of Italy to impose succession tax on compensation paid for war damage — Treaty of Peace, Article 78 (4) (a) and (c).

State responsibility — Damages — Award of — In general — Whether Italy may reduce damages paid under Treaty of Peace by imposing succession tax.

Treaties — Interpretation of — Miscellaneous — Treaties of peace — Restitution and reparation provisions — Extent and meaning of provisions exempting compensation payments from taxation — Ordinary meaning of words — Reference to intention of parties — Treaty of Peace with Italy, Article 78 (4) (a) and (c).

Treaties of peace — Performance of — Right of Government of Italy to impose succession tax on compensation awarded under Treaty of Peace.

Treaties of peace — Performance of — Claims for compensation for loss or damage to property — Extent and meaning of tax exemption provisions — Imposition of succession tax on compensation paid for war damage — Ordinary meaning of words — Reference to intention of parties — Treaty of Peace with Italy, Article 78 (4) (a) and (c).

Treaties of peace — Performance of — Claims for compensation for loss or damage to property — Responsibility of State for all acts of Custodian of Enemy Property — Application of Japanese Enemy Property Custody Law as “war-time special measure” within Draft Allied Powers Property Compensation Law — Loss of use of sum in convertible currency — Substitution of smaller amount in inconvertible Japanese currency — Quantum of compensation — Treaty of Peace with Japan, Article 15 (a) — Draft Allied Powers Property Compensation Law, Article 4.