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Field trials of pyrethroid impregnated bednets in northern Tanzania—1. Effect on malaria transmission

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

R. J. A. Njau ,
F. W. Mosha  and
J. F. M. Nguma
R. J. A. Njau
Affiliation:
Tropical Pesticides Research InstituteP. O. Box 3024, Arusha, Tanzania
F. W. Mosha
Affiliation:
Tropical Pesticides Research InstituteP. O. Box 3024, Arusha, Tanzania
J. F. M. Nguma
Affiliation:
Tropical Pesticides Research InstituteP. O. Box 3024, Arusha, Tanzania
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Abstract

Studies involved the evaluation of two types of pyrethroids and two controls in a single study village settlement. A total of 1277 bednets were distributed to 75% of 420 houses in the village, in July 1989, 378 were treated with lambda cyhalothrin (Icon°), 411 with deltamethrin and 331 were untreated. A total of 336 people were not given any nets. Entomological evaluation showed that both pyrethroids have an excito-repellent and lethal effect on mosquito vector species. In assessment of malaria reduction in children as the target group, those sleeping in deltamethrin treated houses showed a greater reduction in parasite rate than those sleeping in lambda cyhalothrin nets: Overall reduction of malaria parasite rate of school children examined was 68%. Biological efficacy in both pyrethroid treated nets persisted over a period of 6 months. Another added advantage was that the individual using the net was protected against mosquitoes and other pests such as cockroaches, fleas, lice and bedbugs. Incorporation of pyrethroid impregnated nets in malaria control programmes involving community participation is recommended.

Résumé

Les études abstraits concernant l'evaluation de deux types de “pyrethroids” et de deux contrôles dans un seul village établi.

Un total de 1277 (lit) moustiques était distribué à 75% de 420 maisons dans le village en juillet 1989; 378 était traités avec “lambda cyhalothrin (Icon®)”, 411 avec “deltamethrin” et 331 n'étaient pas traités. 336 personnes au total n'avaient pas eu un moustiquaire.

L'evaluation entomologique a montré que les deux “pyrethroids” ont un effet stimulant et toxique sur le vecteur des moustiques. Parlant de l'evaluation sur la reduction de la malaria en considérant les enfants comme groupe cible, ceux qui dorment dans des maisons traités sous “deltamethrin”, montrent une plus grande réduction du taux de parasite que ceux qui dorment sous les moustiquaires “lambda cyhalothrin”. Au-dessus de toute la reduction du taux de la malaria des élèves examinés était de 68%. L'efficacité biologique dans le 2 “pyrethroides” avec moustiquaires traités persistait au-delà d'une période de 6 mois. Un autre avantage ajouté à cela était que l'utilisation individuelle de moustiquaire était protégé contre les moustiques et autres pestes tels que les cancrelats, insectes fournis et pinaises, I'incorporation de “pyrethroid” dans les programmes de contrôle de la malaria tenant compte de la participation de la communauté est très recommandé.

Keywords

Pyrethroidsimpregnated netexcito/repellencyparasite rate
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 14 , Issue 5-6 , December 1993 , pp. 575 - 584
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1993

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