Suicide is a major problem in public health and is related to many risk factors as unemployment and changing in a labour market.

This article aims to undesrstand the current escalating impacts of work on menatl health workers from the study of the relationship between unemployment and suicide as the direct effects of this new morphology of labour.

The search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Library of Knowledge online (b-on), Social Care Online, EBSCO, PsycINFO, to ensure that search strategy in the literature examined thoroughly covered the areas of medicine, sociology and psychology, beyond the textbooks and official documents of the above areas. The terms used in the search were: “unemployment”, “mental health”, “suicide”, “mental disorder”. Using the PRISMA methodology, the 628 articles were considered if the search terms were included and published in the period 2005-2014; after a review of the title and summary, 53 eligible studies in english, french, german, spanish, portuguese and italian were included. Duplicates and documents dealing with mental health in retirees, children and adolescents were excluded.

Findings suggest that long-term unemployment is associated with greater incidence of suicide. Changes in the workplace, such as the reduction of employment, expansion of unemployment, have led to an increase in unemployment, which, in turn, has led the worker to the disease process, especially mentally. Community programs mental and psychotherapeutic strategies evidence-based health can help reduce and prevent suicide in the working world, a global imperative.