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Psychiatric neuroimaging: Joining forces with epidemiology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

David Glahn ,
Abraham Reichenberg ,
Sophia Frangou  and
Hans Ormel
David Glahn
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Research Imaging Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
Abraham Reichenberg*
Affiliation:
Section of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, UK
Sophia Frangou
Affiliation:
Section of Neurobiology of Psychosis, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, UK
Hans Ormel
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
*
∗Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 20 7848 5241. E-mail address: avi.reichenberg@iop.kcl.ac.uk (A. Reichenberg).
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Abstract

Severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and mood disorders have a major impact on public health. Disease prevalence and phenotypic expression are the products of environment and gene interactions. However, our incomplete understanding of their aetiology and pathophysiology thwarts primary prevention and early diagnosis and limits the effective application of currently available treatments as well as the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Neuroimaging can provide detailed in vivo information about the biological mechanisms underpinning the relationship between genetic variation and clinical phenotypes or response to treatment. However, the biological complexity of severe mental illness results from unknown or unpredictable interactions between multiple genetic and environmental factors, many of which have only been partially identified. We propose that the use of epidemiological principles to neuroimaging research is a necessary next step in psychiatric research. Because of the complexity of mental disorders and the multiple risk factors involved only the use of large epidemiologically defined samples will allow us to study the broader spectrum of psychopathology, including sub-threshold presentation and explore pathophysiological processes and the functional impact of genetic and non-genetic factors on the onset and persistence of psychopathology.

Keywords

PsychosisSchizophreniaBipolar disorderRisk factors
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 23 , Issue 4 , June 2008 , pp. 315 - 319
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2008

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