Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xm8r8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-30T06:55:03.939Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prevalence, characteristics and comorbidities of anxiety disorders in France: Results from the “Mental Health in General Population” Survey (MHGP)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

E. Leray ,
A. Camara ,
D. Drapier ,
F. Riou ,
N. Bougeant ,
A. Pelissolo ,
K.R. Lloyd ,
V. Bellamy ,
J.L. Roelandt  and
B. Millet
E. Leray
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, University of Rennes 1, Faculty of Medicine, 2, avenue du Pr.-Léon-Bernard, CS 34317, 35043Rennes cedex, France
A. Camara
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, University of Rennes 1, Faculty of Medicine, 2, avenue du Pr.-Léon-Bernard, CS 34317, 35043Rennes cedex, France
D. Drapier
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Rennes 1, centre hospitalier Guillaume-Régnier, 108, avenue du Général-Leclerc, BP 60321, 35703Rennes cedex, France
F. Riou
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, University of Rennes 1, Faculty of Medicine, 2, avenue du Pr.-Léon-Bernard, CS 34317, 35043Rennes cedex, France
N. Bougeant
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Rennes 1, centre hospitalier Guillaume-Régnier, 108, avenue du Général-Leclerc, BP 60321, 35703Rennes cedex, France
A. Pelissolo
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, La Pitié-Salpêtrière, 13, boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013Paris, France
K.R. Lloyd
Affiliation:
CHIRAL, School of Medecine, Swansea University, SwanseaSA2 8PP, United Kingdom
V. Bellamy
Affiliation:
Research directorate, studies, evaluation and statistics (DREES), Ministry for Solidarity, Health and Family, 8, avenue Ségur, 75350Paris 07 SP, France
J.L. Roelandt
Affiliation:
WHO Collaborating center for research and training in mental health (CCOMS), 186, rue Kléber, 59155Faches-Thumesnil, France
B. Millet*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Rennes 1, centre hospitalier Guillaume-Régnier, 108, avenue du Général-Leclerc, BP 60321, 35703Rennes cedex, France
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 2 99 33 39 37; fax: +33 2 99 33 39 72. E-mail address: bruno.millet@univ-rennes1.fr (B. Millet).
Get access

Abstract

Purpose

Only a few European countries have carried out large, community-based, national surveys about psychiatric morbidity. Here is presented the first national French survey, aiming to estimate the prevalence of anxiety disorders and associated comorbidities according to sociodemographic characteristics.

Materials and methods

The Mental Health in General Population (MHGP) database is derived from a representative national survey of the French adult population (n = 36,105), conducted between 1999 and 2003. Data collection was done using an anonymous face-to-face interview. The presence of anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia and post-traumatic stress disorder) was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

Results

The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders was estimated to be 21.6%, generalized anxiety disorder being the most prevalent one (12.8%). Women, young people, and people earning low income were identified as the more at risk. Major depressive episode, alcohol abuse and drug addiction frequently co-occur with anxiety disorders (28.3, 4.4 and 2.8% respectively).

Conclusions

The MHGP study showed that anxiety disorders are highly prevalent in France with a high frequency of comorbidities. Our results highlight the need for considering anxiety disorders as a public health priority in France as well as in other European countries.

Keywords

Anxiety disordersEpidemiology
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 26 , Issue 6 , September 2011 , pp. 339 - 345
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

These authors contributed equally to this work.

2

Tel: +33 2.23.23.49.48; Fax: +33 2.23.23.45.33.

3

Tel: +33 2.99.33.39.37; Fax: +33 2.99.33.39.72.

4

Tel: +33 1.42.16.00.00; Fax: +33 1.42.17.60.06.

5

Tel: +01.792.51.34.00; Fax: +01.792.51.34.30.

6

Tel: +33 1.41.17.55.10; Fax: +33 1.41.17.51.11.

7

Tel: +33 3.20.43.71.00; Fax: +33 3.20.43.71.15.

References

Alonso, J, Angermeyer, MC, Bernert, S, Bruffaerts, R, Brugha, TS, Bryson, H, et al.. Prevalence of mental disorders in Europe: results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004;(420):21–27.Google ScholarPubMed
Alonso, J, Angermeyer, MC, Bernert, S, Bruffaerts, R, Brugha, TS, Bryson, H, et al.Sampling and methods of the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004;(420):8–20.Google ScholarPubMed
American Psychiatric Association. Anxiety algorithm. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders, Fourth edition, Primary Care Version (DSM IV-PC). Washington, DC. 1995:47–63.Google Scholar
Andersen, HSMental health in prison populations. A review with special emphasis on a study of Danish prisoners on remand. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004;424:5–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arikan, SR, Gorman, JMA review of the diagnosis, pharmacological treatment and economic aspects of anxiety disorder. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry 2001;3(3):110–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bijl, RV, De Graaf, R, Ravelli, A, Smit, F, Vollebergh, WAGender and age-specific first incidence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the general population. Results from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2002;37(8):372–379.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Borgeat, F, Zullino, DA few unresolved and frequent questions concerning anxiety and anxiety disorders. Sante Ment Que 2004;29(1):9–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Butler, T, Allnutt, S, Cain, D, Owens, D, Muller, CMental disorder in the New South Wales prisoner population. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2005;39(5):407–413.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chelminski, I, Zimmerman, MPathological worry in depressed and anxious patients. J Anxiety Disord 2003;17(5):533–546.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Creed, F, Morgan, R, Fiddler, M, Marshall, S, Guthrie, E, House, ADepression and anxiety impair health-related quality of life and are associated with increased costs in general medical inpatients. Psychosomatics 2002;43(4):302–309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Graaf, R, Bijl, RV, Smit, F, Ravelli, A, Vollebergh, WAPsychiatric and sociodemographic predictors of attrition in a longitudinal study: the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). Am J Epidemiol 2000;152(11):1039–1047.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, AG, Dean, JA, Coulombier, Det al. Epi Info™, Version 6.04a, a word processing, database, and statistics program for public health on IBM-compatible microcomputers. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, July 1996.Google Scholar
Eaton, WW, Kessler, RC, Wittchen, HU, Magee, WJPanic and panic disorder in the United States. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151(3):413–420.Google ScholarPubMed
Eguchi, M, Noda, Y, Nakano, Y, Kanai, T, Yamamoto, I, Watanabe, N, et al.Quality of life and social role functioning in Japanese patients with panic disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 2005;193(10):686–689.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Faravelli, C, Guerrini Degl’Innocenti, B, Giardinelli, LEpidemiology of anxiety disorders in Florence. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1989;79(4):308–312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodwin, RD, Faravelli, C, Rosi, S, Cosci, F, Truglia, E, De Graaf, R, et al.The epidemiology of panic disorder and agoraphobia in Europe. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2005;15(4):435–443.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henderson, S, Andrews, G, Hall, WAustralia's mental health: an overview of the general population survey. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2000;34(2):197–205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jacobi, F, Wittchen, HU, Holting, C, Hofler, M, Pfister, H, Muller, N, et al.Prevalence, co-morbidity and correlates of mental disorders in the general population: results from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey (GHS). Psychol Med 2004;34(4):597–611.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kessler, RC, DuPont, RL, Berglund, P, Wittchen, HUImpairment in pure and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and major depression at 12 months in two national surveys. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156(12):1915–1923.Google ScholarPubMed
Kessler, RC, Wittchen, HUPatterns and correlates of generalized anxiety disorder in community samples. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63(Suppl. 8):4–10.Google ScholarPubMed
Lépine, JP, Pélissolo, AWhy take social anxiety disorder seriously? Depress Anxiety 2000;11(3):87–92.3.0.CO;2-9>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lieb, R, Becker, E, Altamura, CThe epidemiology of generalized anxiety disorder in Europe. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2005;15(4):445–452.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Magee, WJ, Eaton, WW, Wittchen, HU, McGonagle, KA, Kessler, RCAgoraphobia, simple phobia, and social phobia in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53(2):159–168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marciniak, MD, Lage, MJ, Dunayevich, E, Russell, JM, Bowman, L, Landbloom, RP, et al.The cost of treating anxiety: the medical and demographic correlates that impact total medical costs. Depress Anxiety 2005;21(4):178–184.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Markowitz, JS, Weissman, MM, Ouellette, R, Lish, JD, Klerman, GLQuality of life in panic disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989;46(11):984–992.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Offord, DR, Boyle, MH, Campbell, D, Goering, P, Lin, E, Wong, M, et al.One-year prevalence of psychiatric disorder in Ontarians 15 to 64 years of age. Can J Psychiatry 1996;41(9):559–563.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Regier, DA, Narrow, WE, Rae, DS, Manderscheid, RW, Locke, BZ, Goodwin, FKThe de facto US mental and addictive disorders service system. Epidemiologic catchment area prospective 1-year prevalence rates of disorders and services. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50(2):85–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roelandt, JL, Caria, A, Mondière, GLa santé mentale en population générale : images et réalités. Présentation générale de l’enquête. Info Psychiatr 2000;76(3):279–292.Google Scholar
Salzman, CLate-life anxiety disorders. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2004;38(1):25–30.Google ScholarPubMed
Schneier, FR, Johnson, J, Hornig, CD, Liebowitz, MR, Weissman, MMSocial phobia. Comorbidity and morbidity in an epidemiologic sample. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992;49(4):282–288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheehan, DV, Lecrubier, Y, Sheehan, KH, Amorim, P, Janavs, J, Weiller, E, et al.The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry 1998;59(Suppl. 20):22–33.Google ScholarPubMed
Statistical Package for Social Science, release 15.0 [program]. Chicago: SPSS, 2002.Google Scholar
Weissman, MM, Bland, RC, Canino, GJ, Greenwald, S, Lee, CK, Newman, SC, et al.The cross-national epidemiology of social phobia: a preliminary report. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1996;11(Suppl. 3):9–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wittchen, HUGeneralized anxiety disorder: prevalence, burden, and cost to society. Depress Anxiety 2002;16(4):162–171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wittchen, HU, Essau, CAComorbidity and mixed anxiety-depressive disorders: is there epidemiologic evidence? J Clin Psychiatry 1993;54(Suppl.):9–15.Google Scholar
Wittchen, HU, Zhao, S, Kessler, RC, Eaton, WWDSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;51(5):355–364.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.