Toxic psychoses are growing problem in every-day clinical psychiatric practice. Well-known is fact that use of psychoactive substances, particularly stimulants and cannabis, is associated with psychotic mental disorders.

Differences between psychopathology of schizophrenia and toxic psychotic states are not clear.

To compare psychopathology of patients treated with schizophrenia and toxic psychosis.

Patients with schizophrenia who only temporally used psychoactive substances and patients with non-alcoholic toxic psychoses treated at Psychiatric Clinic of FMUC and UHB in interval of years 2006–2010 were enrolled in present study. Retrospective analysis of demographic and clinical characteristic, especially psychopathological symptoms was conducted.

The authors collected data from medical records of 93 patients treated with non-alcoholic toxic psychoses (TP; 86,0% males, 14,0% females) and 80 patients treated with schizophrenia who only temporally used psychoactive substances (SCH; 93,7% males, 6,3% females) (Tab. 1). Toxic psychotic state was induced mostly by more substances, stimulants and cannabis.

[Diagnostic spectrum in patients with schizophrenia]

The most frequently observed clinical picture in toxic psychoses was paranoid-hallucinatory syndrome. In schizophrenia group was most prominent paranoid form. The authors found and discussed differences between psychopathology in both groups. It seems to that a more specific description and classification of toxic psychoses could be possible.