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Neurodevelopmental disorders and gender dysphoria: a fertile relationship?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

I. Soares Da Costa  and
M. Mota
I. Soares Da Costa*
Affiliation:
CHUSJ, Psychiatry, Porto, Portugal
M. Mota
Affiliation:
Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Psychiatry And Mental Health Department, Porto, Portugal
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Development of gender identity is a complicated process. During this process it is thought that many factors play a role. Gender dysphoria is a condition where there is a mismatch between the assigned gender at birth and gender identity. Although scarce, literature shows that compared to cisgender individuals, transgender and gender-diverse individuals have higher rates of autism, other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses.

Objectives

To describe posible relations and overlap between gender dysphoria and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Methods

Literature search in Pubmed and other similar platforms. Articles considered relevant under this theme were included.

Results

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can compromise health and may be more prevalent amongst individuals with gender dysphoria (GD). Symptoms such as attention difficulties, deficits in communication and social skills, obsessional interests, and stereotyped behaviour can significantly impact assessment of GD and the appropriate clinical care. With some overlapping symptoms, the potential for misdiagnosis is possible. Data about prevalence of this conditions in transgender community is of low quality, but ASD is more prevalent, ranging from 6-26%.

Conclusions

Studies demosntrate that neurodevelopmental disorders and other psychiatric conditions are more common in transgender and gender-diverse individuals. It is important that future studies focus on exploring the mental health outcomes of neurodevelopmental-trans individuals.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

psychiatrysexual medicineNeurodevelopmental disordersGender Dysphoria
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S806
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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