Over one percent of the world's population are currently uprooted. Over half of the world's displaced population are children.

There is considerable evidence that refugee children are at significant risk of developing psychological disturbance as they are subject to a number of risk factors.

Consistent research findings show that as the number of risk factors accumulates for children, the likelihood that they will develop psychological disturbance dramatically increases.

Traumatic events can have an effect on a child's emotional, cognitive and moral development because they influence the child's self-perceptions and expectations of others. The multidimensional effects of trauma on children and their families are compounded by forced uprooting, multiple losses and the myriad changes brought about by migration. Mental health services can be key to restoring basic psychological functioning and to supporting resilience and positive coping strategies for children, adolescents and adults.

Refugee children are a silent group that are easily overlooked. Our attitude toward young refugees and their families will determine the burden of trauma, not only on their adult future but also on our community.

An empathic and mentalizing attitude, secure sheltering, addressing health and educational needs will create a sense of stability and confidence. This is the very first step to favour, for these future adults.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.