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Fluid intelligence and executive functioning: Partial overlap in patients with psychiatric disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

J.I.M. Egger ,
L. Van Aken ,
R.P.C. Kessels ,
E. Wingbermühle ,
W. Van der Veld  and
W.M.A. Verhoeven
J.I.M. Egger
Affiliation:
Centre of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, The Netherlands Donders Centre for Cognition, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
L. Van Aken
Affiliation:
Centre of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, The Netherlands Donders Centre for Cognition, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
R.P.C. Kessels
Affiliation:
Donders Centre for Cognition, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
E. Wingbermühle
Affiliation:
Centre of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, The Netherlands Donders Centre for Cognition, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
W. Van der Veld
Affiliation:
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
W.M.A. Verhoeven
Affiliation:
Centre of Excellence for Neuropsychiatry, Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, Venray, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Abstract

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Introduction

For decades, the fundamental ability known as intelligence, has been interpreted as a unitary concept: g. The distinction between crystallized intelligence (Gc) and fluid intelligence (Gf), introduced by Horn and Catell in 1966, is corroborated by recent neuropsychological research. Since Gf is sensitive to frontal lobe lesions, studies have focussed on its relation with executive functioning (EF). The most widely used intellegence test (WAIS), measures predominantly Gc, even with its subtasks for performal intelligence.

Objectives

The study of the relation between Gf and EF with the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Test (KAIT), a test specifially designed for the measurement of the Gf-Gc distinction.

Aims

While WAIS-research on the Gf-EF association may lead to unreliable conclusions, both KAIT and selected CANTAB tasks were used to re-investigated this relationship.

Methods

The relation between Gf, Gc and EF was studied in a latent variable analysis using both a group of patients with an array of psychiatric diagnoses and a group of healthy controls, comprising a total of 66 subjects. For EF, the model of Miyake was used by differentiating EF in the three subprocesses: updating, shifting and inhibition.

Results

A high correlation between Gf and EF was found, indicating significant but incomplete overlap between the Gf and EF constructs.

Conclusions

KAIT constructs adequatly reflect Gf, Gc and the three executive processes as defined by Miyake. Deviant scores on KAIT-Gf, however, do not fully capture the actual executive funtioning of patients. In such cases, detailed examination of EF is warranted.

Type
P03-46
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 26 , Issue S2: Abstracts of the 19th European Congress of Psychiatry , March 2011 , pp. 1215
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2011
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